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A&P Exam 2
Chapter 5
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are the four parts of the skeletal system? | Bones, joints, cartilages and ligaments |
| What are the two subsivisions of the skeleton? | Axial and the appendicular skeleton |
| The skull, vertebral column, ribs and the sternum describes? | The axial skeleton |
| The bones of the limbs and limb girdles that are attached to the axial skeleton describes? | The appendicular skeleton |
| What are the functions of the bones? | Bones allow movement,support, protect, storage (of minerals/fats) and allow hematopoiesis |
| What is hematopoiesis? | Blood cell formation |
| How many bones does the adult skeleton have? | 206 |
| What are the two basic types of bone tissue? | Compact and spongey bone |
| This bone is dense, looks smooth and homogeneous. | Compact bone |
| This bone is composed of small needlelike pieces of bone and lots of open space. | Spongy bone |
| Spongey bone is also called? | Cancellous |
| Where is spongey bone found? | Within other bones, surrounded by compact bone |
| Where is compact bone found? | Compact bone forms the outer shell of all bones |
| What are found within the matrix of compact bone? | Osteocytes |
| Within the matrix of compact bone, the tiny cavities are called? | Lacunae |
| In compact bone lacunae are arranged in tiny concentric circles called? | Lamellae |
| Lamellae are arranged around? | Central (Haversian) canals |
| A complex in compact bone that consists of a central canal and matrix rings. | Osteon |
| An osteon can also be referred to as? | A Haversian system |
| Where does blood cell production occur? | Within certain red marrow cavities |
| This is situated in cavities of spongey bone and the epiphyses of some long bones in adults. | Red bone marrow |
| What are the four basic bones based on shape? | Long, short, flat and irregular |
| What is the diaphysis? | The elongated shaft of the long bone-composed of compact bone |
| What is the epiphysis? | The end of the long bone-composed mostly of spongey bone |
| Specifically, in adults where is red marrow found? | Inside spongey bone cavities between femur & humurus, and flat bones such as the ribs, sternum, some skull and coxal(hip) bones. |
| Adding width to bone is called? | Appositional growth |
| Adding length to bone is called? | Interstitial growth |
| The first cervical vertebra is called? | The atlas |
| The second cervical vertebra is called? | The axis |
| The cervical curvature.. | Is concave and contains 7 vertebrae (C1-C7) |
| The thoracic curvature.. | Is convex and contains 12 vertebrae (T1-T12) |
| The lumbar curvature.. | Is concave and contains 5 vertebrae (L1-L5) |
| The sacral curvature.. | Is convex and is made of 5 fused vertebrae |
| The coccyx.. | Is made of four fused vertebrae |
| The excesive concave curvature of the lumbar and cervical vertebral column is known as? | Lordosis |
| The excessive convex curvature of the thoracic vertebral column is known as? | Kyphosis |
| Which type of join accounts for all the joints of the limbs? | Synovial |
| Articular(hyaline)cartilage, articular capsule, joint cavities, and reinforcing ligaments are distinguishing features of? | Synovial joints |
| Articulating bone ends are separated by a joint cavity containing synovial fluid describes? | Synovial joint structure |
| These are bone forming cells. | Osteoblasts |
| These are large cells that breakdown or reabsorb bone matrix. | Osteoclasts |
| These are mature bone cells. | Osteocytes |
Created by:
rhiginbo
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