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laurens vocab ch 18

chapter 18 vocab

QuestionAnswer
volcanism All the processes associated with the discharge of magma, hot fluids and gases.
Hot spot Are unusually hot regions of earths mantle where high-temperature plumes of magma rise to the surface.
Flood basalt Form when lava flows out of long cracks in earth crust.
fissure Are long cracks in the earths crust.
Conduit A tube-like structure.
Vent Emerges through an opening.
Crater Is a bowl-shaped depression.
Caldera Are larger depressions of the top of a volcano.
Shield volcano Is a mountain with broad gently sloping sides and a nearly circular base.
Cinder cones Steep-sided, generally small volcano that is built by the accumulation of tephra around the vent.
Composite volcano Generally cone-shaped with concave slopes;built by violent eruptions of vocanic fragments and lava that accumulate in alternating layers.
Viscosity A substances internal resistance to flow.
Tephra Rock fragments,classified by size, that are thrown into the air during a volcanic eruption and fall to the ground.
Pyroclastic flow Swift-moving,potentially deadly clouds of gas, ash, and other volcanic material produced by a violent eruption.
Pluton Intusive igneous rock body, including batholiths, stocks, sills, and dikes, formed throught mountain-building processes and oceanic-oceanic collisions can be exposed at earths surface due to uplift and erosion.
Batholith Coarse-grained, irregularly shaped, igneous rock mass that covers at least 100 km2, generally forms 10-30 km below earths surface, and is common in the interior of major mountain chains.
Created by: laurenhenderson
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