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Molecular Cell Bio

Molecular Cell bio

TermDefinition
Central Dogma of Biology DNA->RNA->Protein
4 Ways a genome can change intragenic mutation, gene duplication, DNA segment shuffling, horizontal transfer
The three types of protein motifs coiled-coiled motif, helix-loop-helix motif, zinc-finger motif
3 models of ligand binding lock and key, induced fit, pre-existing equilibrium model
RAP Repression Activator Protein
SIR Silent Information Regulator
SIR2 HDAC
HDAC Histone Deacetylase Enzyme
HAT Histone Acetyl Transferase
URS, UME6,SIN3, RPD Dna binding domain of UME6 binds to URS (upstream repression sequence). The Repression Domain of UME6 binds to SIN3 which recruits RPD which is an HDAC
UAS, GCN4, GCN5 UAS binds to GCN4 which supports GCN5 which is a HAT
HMT Histone MethylTransferase. Acetyl must be removed first before methylating histones. Can be tri-or bi-methlylated
Karyotype The number, size and shape of metaphase chromosome
HP1 Heterchromatin Protein 1
FISH Fluorescence in situ hybridization: fluorescence labeled DNA probes
Transcriptional Unit DNA sequence that is transcribed as a single mRNA and may encode one or more genes
Isoforms Various proteins encoded by an alternately spliced mRNA
Homologous Any similarity between characters (gene sequence) that is due to shared ancestry
Orthologous Homologous sequences separated by speciation
Paralogous Homologous sequences separated by duplication
SSR DNA Single Sequence Repeat DNA: repetitive DNA found in telomeres, centromeres, etc
Activators Bind DNA to decondense it and assemble transcription factors and RNA polymerase
Transcription Factors A DNA binding protein that binds regulatory regions to control gene expression
Promoter Upstream of associated gene and regulates transcription
Mediator multiprotein complex which regulates the assembly of transcription pre-initiation complexes
TATA Box ~35bp from transcription start site and it helps align RNA polymerase II
Capping Enzyme adds cap to 5' end of mRNA
Guanylyl Transferase Adds GTP to 5'
Created by: jackielera
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