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Ecology Chap3
Exam 1 Ecology
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| limnologists | study freshwater ecosystems |
| freshwater | less than 0.05 ppt salts; rivers, streams, and lakes |
| estuaries | mixture of fresh and salty waters |
| oligohaline | 0.5-5ppt |
| mesohaline | 5-18ppt (brackish) |
| polyhaline | 18-30ppt |
| euhaline | >30ppt (marine) |
| most dynamic environment on earth | coastal intertidal zone |
| rivers and streams (moving) | lotic |
| lakes (stagnant) | lentic |
| saltwater | oceans, reefs, shorelines, land-sea interface |
| order of ocean zones | epipelagic, mesopelagic, bathypelagic, abyssal, hadal |
| benthic zone | anything on the bottom of the ocean |
| pelagic | anything off the bottom of the ocean |
| intertidal/littoral | area that is controlled by the ocean tides and not always covered by water |
| neritic zone | area before the continental shelf of the ocean |
| marine snow | transport of dead organic materials from the photic zone to the aphotic zone; detritus |
| thermocline | changes in temperature |
| pycnocline | changes in pressure |
| salinity | changes in salt concentration |
| Deep scattering layer | organisms migrating to the surface to feed at night. changes with daylight. |
| nurdles | small plastic particles that are harmful to the marine environment; made of plastic bottles, and car bumpers |
| upwelling | caused by predominant winds, warm surface water out and cold water swell up to take its place |
| dessecation | drying out |
| spring tides | maximum tides because moon and sun gravitational forces work together; happens at new and full moons |
| neap tides | minimum tides because moon and sun gravitational forces oppose each other; happens when moons are first and third quarter |
| supratidal zone | seldom covered by high tides but often wetted by waves or storm |
| upper intertidal zone | only covered during high tides; extreme environment to live in |
| middle intertidal zone | covered and uncovered during average tides |
| lower intertidal zone | uncovered only during low tides |
| subtidal zone | remains covered even during the lowest tides |
| tidal pool | the salinity will increase, difficult for organisms to survive; formed by the splashing of intertidal zone |
| semidiurnal | two low tides and two high tides each day |
| mud flats/salt marshes | estuaries found in the temperate areas |
| mangroves | estuaries found in the tropics |
| Stream ordering | method of classifying the hierarchy of natural channels in a watershed |
| riparian zone | outside of active channel; transition between aquatic environment and upland terrestrial environment |
| hyporheic zone | zone of transition between areas of surface water flow and ground water |
| phreatic zone | area containing ground water below surface water flow |
| allochthonous inputs | inputs coming from outside of the stream provide organic matter; carbon entering stream coming from the outside |
| Autochthonous input | inputs coming from inside of the stream |
Created by:
snking
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