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Geology Lab
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| How does longitude divide the earth? | Into wedges, like an orange |
| What's the highest longitudinal number? | 180 degrees |
| Where is the prime meridian? | Greenwich, England |
| What's the longitude of the international date line? | 180 degrees |
| What's the highest latitudinal number? | 90 degrees |
| How does latitude divide the earth? | Into slices, like a tomato |
| What does a simple polar conic map projection look like? | Like a cone or a fan |
| What does an equatorial cylindrical projection look like? | Like tube or a regular map |
| What does an azimuthal projection tangent to the north pole look like? | Like a circle |
| How many miles in 1 degree of latitude? | 69 miles |
| How many miles in 1 minute of latitude? | 1.15 miles |
| How many miles in 1 second of latitude? | 0.02 mile or ~100 ft |
| At the equator, how many miles is 1 degree of longitude? | 69 miles |
| At the 45 degrees N (or S), how many miles is 1 degree of longitude? | 49 miles |
| At the poles, how many miles is 1 degree of longitude? | 0 miles because they converge |
| What are 2 ways to determine direction of streamflow? | Rule of Vs and streams run from areas of high elevation to areas of low elevation |
| How do you determine vertical exaggeration? | Divide vertical scale by horizontal scale. Should be greater than or equal to 1. Horizontal scale is a constant. |
| What is a verbal scale? | Mixed units |
| What is a fractional scale? | Same units (english/english or metric/metric) |
| 1 meter = ? cm | 1 meter = 100 cm |
| 1 kilometer = ? meters | 1 kilometer = 100 meters |
| 1 foot = ? in | 1 foot = 12 in |
| 1 mile = ? ft | 1 mile = 5280 ft |
| 1 inch = ? cm | 1 inch = 2.54 cm |
| 1 mile = ? kilometers | 1 mile = 1.6093 kilometers |
| 1 meter = ? ft | 1 meter = 3 ft & 3 3/8 in |
| Quartz | Hardness of 7 (scratches glass), breaks by (conchoidal) fracture, vitreous (oily) luster. Comes in milky, rose, or smoky. |
| Quartz crystal | Hardness of 7, breaks by conchoidal fracture, tetrahedral crystal |
| Plagioclase Feldspar | Hardness of 6 (scratches glass), breaks along 2 cleavage planes at right angles, striations on cleavage surface. |
| K-Feldspar | Hardness of 6, breaks along 2 cleavage planes at right angles, has exsolution lamellae (muscle fibers) run along cleavage planes |
| Hornblende (amphibole) | Hardness of 6, breaks along 2 cleavage planes at greater than 90 degrees, splintery cleavage and black color |
| Calcite | Hardness of 3, breaks along 3 planes of cleavage in rhombic shapes, effervesces in HCl |
| Hematite | Hardness of 2.5, breaks by fracture, earthy luster, leaves brown-red streaks |
| Muscovite Mica | Hardness of 2 (fingernail will scratch it), breaks along one cleavage plane (planar or basal cleavage), transparent in thin sheets |
| Biotite Mica | Hardness of 2, breaks along one cleavage plane, black in color |
| "Fun" Galena | cubic cleavage, dense, metallic |
| "Fun" Halite | cubic cleavage, clear, salty |
| "Fun" Pyrite (fool's gold) | cubic cleavage, brown streak, metallic |
| "Fun" Gypsum (selenite) | one good and 2 poor cleavage planes, transparent in thin sheets, rhombic |
| "Fun" Talc | hardness of 1, pearly luster, foliated texture |
| Sedimentary. Pieces weathered and stuck together. Weather-worn, less sparkly, cemented by calcite quartz or hematite, coarse grained and poorly sorted, or coarse grained and well sorted (like sandstone) | detrital |
| Igneous. Like granite. Minerals interlocking like a jigsaw puzzle. The cleavage planes reflect light. | interlocking |
| Metamorphic. Interlocking, but parallel to each other. Polyminerallic. The cleavage planes reflect light. Like slate or schist. | foliated |
| naturally occurring inorganic solid with a certain chemical composition, crystal structure and physical properties. | Mineral |
| Color, Streak, Luster, Hardness, Fracture/Cleavage, Special properties | Physical Properties of minerals |
| Igneous (heat) molten rock, Metamorphic (heat and pressure) along plate boundaries, Sedimentary Evaporates and precipitates. | Mineral formation |
Created by:
haleyBUGoxox
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