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Nutrients &Functions

Dietary nutrients & their functions in the body

NutrientFunction
Carbohydrates Provide energy
Lipids Provide energy and EFAs for plasma membranes
Protein Provide energy and EAAs for making structural proteins, metabolic proteins, signal proteins and protective proteins
Vitamin A (fat soluble) Proper functioning of the retina in the eye and epithelial tissues
Vitamin D (fat soluble) Stimulates calcium uptake from the gut and its deposition in liver
Vitamin E (fat soluble) Antioxidant
Vitamin K (fat soluble) Formation in the liver of substances that promote blood clotting
Vitamin B complex (water soluble) Required for respiration, protein synthesis, nucleic acid synthesis, red cell production and nerve function
Vitamin C (water soluble) Antioxidant, stimulates absorption of iron from the gut, aids healing of wounds
Calcium Strengthening of the bones and teeth, required for muscle action
Phosphorus Strengthening of bones and teeth, ATP, DNA and RNA synthesis
Iron Component of haemoglobin and myoglobin
Iodine Formation of thyroid hormones
Potassium Conduction of nerve impulses, muscle function
Sodium Osmotic balance, muscle function, conduction of nerve impulses
Chloride Osmotic balance, hydrochloric acid in stomach
Magnesium Development of bones and teeth, enzyme activity
Zinc Constituent of some enzymes, involved in wound healing and functioning of insulin
Fibre Aids peristalsis, prevents constipation, protects against gut diseases and lowers blood cholesterol
Water Solvent, hydrolysis of food in gut, transport medium, coolant, removal of excretory waste in urine
Created by: juliacorbett
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