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B2 DNA&application
Edexcel B2 DNA&applications
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| State 2 disadvantages of growing golden rice | seeds are more expensive than normal rice; effect of pollination of wild rice species is unknown; some say that there is not enough beta-carotene anyway |
| State 2 disadvantages of growing herbicide-resistant crops | as weeds die, there is loss of biodiversity (animals that feeds on these weeds have less food); cross-pollination of wild plants may result in herbicide resistant weeds |
| State the effects of lack of vitamin A in the body | blindness; immune system does not work properly |
| State what we need beta-carotene for | For making Vitamin A |
| What are the advantages of growing insulin in bacteria rather than in pigs? | Vegan can use the insulin; insulin can be produced in much bigger quantities |
| What are the disadvantages of growing insulin in bacteria? | The insulin is slightly different and may not suit everyoneorder these in size: largest first: base, nucleus, cell, gene, chromosome |
| how many cells are produced after mitosis? | 2 |
| how many chromosomes in a human cell produced by meiosis | 23 |
| what is DNA replication? | when chromosomes copy themselves |
| in which process are the daughter cells identical to the parent cell? mitosis or meiosis? | mitosis |
| are the cells produced by mitosis haploid or dipolid? | diploid |
| what are gametes? | sex cells |
| what is a zygote? | the fertilised egg (when the sperm cell has fertilised/joined the egg cell) |
| what is a clone? | two living things that have the same genes; they are genetically identical |
| what is the advantage of cloning an animal, for example a cow that produces large amounts of milk? | by cloning an animal you are sure to get teh desired trait. If the cow was to have babies, the babies may NOT produce as much milk as the mother cow. |
| What is the disadvantage of producing clones? | very few embryos develop successfully. The clones die much younger. |
| What is the advantage of using embryomic stem cells rather than adult stem cells? | embryonic stem cells are pluripotent: they can differentiate into ANY type of cells; there is no need to separate stem cells from red and white blood cells |
| why are people opposed to the use of embryomic stem cells? | because they say that life starts at conception (from the moment when the sperm cells enters the egg cell) |
| what is differentiation for a cell? | when the stem cell becomes a specialised cell |
| name a few specialised cells | muscle cells; nerve cells; |
| what are restriction enzymes? | the enzymes used for cutting the DNA (for opening the plasmid and for chopping off the insulin gene) |
| how many chromosomes in a human cell produced by mitosis? | 23 pairs |
| what disorders could be treated by using stem cells? | Alzheimer |
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ursulinebio
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