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8th Science 6
Test 6 (Semester Exam ch. 1-6)
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| A volcano consisting primarily of erupted volcanic ash and rock fragments held together loosely is a ? volcano | Cinder-cone |
| The upper layers of the ground stripped away by surface mining are the | overburden |
| Some glaciers extend into the ocean without breaking to form | ice shelves |
| Which type of weathering involves the breaking or peeling away of rock into layers | exfoliation |
| What is an alloy of iron and carbon | steel |
| What is the land that borders a river and is covered by river water in flood time | floodplain |
| The amount of matter in an object is the | mass |
| Man is classified as Homo | sapiens |
| What type of mountain formed when rocks on one side of a fault were forced upward and the rocks on the other side were forced downward | fault-block |
| What is the narrow zone of active volcanoes that encircles the Pacific basin | Ring of Fire |
| What is the resistance of a smooth surface of a mineral to being scratched | hardness |
| The largest group of minerals, which compose over 90% of the earth's crust, are the | silicates |
| What plant food element promotes the ripening of fruits | phosphorous |
| What is the upper surface of ground water | water table |
| Lava that hardens into rough, jagged rocks with a crumbly or "blocky" texture is ? lava | aa |
| What deep-sea fish living fossil was once thought to be the ancestor of the first amphibians | coelacanth |
| What are crystalline substances found naturally in the earth | minerals |
| A fan-shaped deposit of sediments at the mouth of a river | delta |
| The sudden appearance of life in the fossil record is called the | Cambrian explosion |
| Which australopithecine was known as upright man | Homo Erectus |
| sandy, gentle sloping underwater plain near a continent | continental shelf |
| underwater mountain range | mid-oceanic ridge |
| one of the deep depressions in the earth's surface where the oceans are contained | ocean basin |
| underwater mountain | seamount |
| beginning marked by shelf break | continental slope |
| one of the huge, muddy valleys that cut through portions of the abyssal plain | trench |
| large fissure in the continental shelf | submarine canyon |
| a pool of shallow, salty water at the center of an atoll | lagoon |
| a huge level region of the deep ocean floor | abyssal plain |
| Rhythmic back and forth motions of water that transfer energy are called | waves |
| Crystals are generally characterized by many flat surfaces called | faces |
| Oceanographers collect water samples from the ocean depths using | Niskin bottles |
| The process in which wind lifts particles for short distances then drops them abruptly | saltation |
| Movements of ocean water caused primarily by the moon called | tides |
| The study of the earth | geology |
| The revolutionary submersible design invented by Auguste Piccard was the | bathyscphe |
| Gentle, rolling waves that appear even in calm weather are | ocean swells |
| 70% of the salt in the ocean is | sodium chloride (table salt) |
| The region where cold, deep water meets sun-warmed surface water | thermocline |
| The earth's rotation causes surface currents to move in circular paths called | gyres |
| a device with an open tube that is dropped to the sea floor, allowing its weight to puncture the sediment | gravity corer |
| Huge chunks of floating glacial ice are | icebergs |
| The process that breaks rocks down into soil is | weathering |
| The study of fossils | paleontology |
| When water from heavy waves rapidly flows away from the shore through a gap in a sandbar, the water forms | rip current |
| Regions of the earth's surface where limestone is exposed and abundant are ? regions | karst |
| The deepest regions of the sea, with depths greater than 6000 meters (19690 ft) are in the ? zone | hadal |
| One idea that attempts to reconcile the Bible and evolution is | theistic evolution |
| The deepest known point in the sea is the | Marianas Trench |
| A mineral test that leaves a line of powder on a plate is | streak test |
| The most abundant element in the earth's crust is | oxygen |
| A low hill formed when a glacier overruns a moraine is a | drumlin |
| When two rock layers are pushed violently together, causing the layers to buckle ? mountain form | folded |
| What is the red variety of corundum | ruby |
| What device uses sound waves to detect underwater objects | sonar |
| What is a warm surface current that flows in the Atlantic Ocean north of the equator | Gulf Stream |
| What are large almond or teardrop shaped pieces of ejecta formed when lava solidifies | volcanic bomb |
| Halfway between the spring tides are weaker that normal tides called | neap |
| What type of fold occurs when rocks buckle upward | anticline |
| What hypothetical time scale supposedly charts both the earth's history and the sequence of the rock layers in the earth's crust | geologic column |
| Emerald and aquamarine are two forms of what mineral | beryl |
| The amount of dissolved salt in seawater is | salinity |
| A theory that has never been proven false is a | law |
| What is a winding, looping curve in a river | meander |
| What type of mountain is formed when molten rock collects beneath an overlying rock layer forcing the layer upward into a blisterlike structure | domed |
| What theory states that the earth's crust and upper mantle consist of huge plates slowly drifting as a result of convection currents in the mantle | plate tectonics |
| The daily or twice daily period when the ocean levels are at their highest point is called ? tide | high |
| What is the false belief that all geological processes have always proceeded at the same rate | uniformitarianism |
| What metal is more valuable than gold or silver | platinum |
| what scale do chemists use to express acidity and basicity of substances | pH |
| What is the study of the earth's oceans | oceanography |
| WHat % of the earth's surface is covered by water | 70 |
| give the term for an upward flowing current | upwelling |
| What is the scientific term for water pressure | hydrostatic pressure |
| What does scuba stand for | Self-contained underwater breathing apparatus |
| What is the substance that makes up the physical world | matter |
| What device serves as a framework for many water collection bottles, allowing oceanographers to collect water from the different depths | rosette |
| What is the point on the earth's surface directly above an earthquake's focus | epicenter |
| What is the highest point of a wave | crest |
| Who popularized evolution with his book On the Origin of species | Charles Darwin |
Created by:
Harrison83
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