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Rocks

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Some rocks may be different shapes and sizes as they be changed by the conditions in their environment.
The breakdown of rocks into smaller fragments is called weathering.
In alphabetical order, the 3 types of weathering are; biological weathering, chemical weathering and physical weathering.
Freeze-thaw weathering is the repeating of both freezing and thawing. This is done to both water and ice in the gaps inside rocks. When the water freezes, turns to ice and expands making the gaps larger and eventually causes pieces of rocks to break away.
Often with freeze-thaw weathering, the water off freezes during day, while it thaws during night. This process is repeated until the fragment of rock breaks off.
Freeze-thaw weathering is a type of physical weathering.
Exfoliation weathering or onion skin weathering is the repeating of both heating and cooling of rocks, which causes the surface layer to flake off, possibly leading to that rock splitting.
With exfoliation weathering, often the heating is done during the day, while the cooling is done during the night.
Exfoliation weathering is a type of physical weathering, where as that rock keeps expanding and contracting, pieces of that rock's surface begin to flake and eventually fall off.
With exfoliation weathering, during the day, the surface of that rock is heated by the sun, causing that rock to expand. During the night, instead of being heated, that rock cools and then contracts.
With biological weathering, plant roots and shoots can get into minute cracks in rocks. As the plant grows, roots and shoots can push their way through the rock, which (in those rocks) forces cracks. The growth of cracks in this way causing small pieces of rock to break off.
Chemical weathering is the break-down of rocks when there are chemical reactions between acid rain and certain minerals in rocks. Some types of rock are easily weathered by chemicals. For example, limestone and chalk are made of a mineral called calcium carbonate; when acidic rainwater falls on limestone or chalk, a chemical reaction happens: new [] substances are formed in t soluble. These are washed away and the rock is
Rainwater is naturally acidic because rainwater reacts with carbon dioxide in the air to form carbonic acid.This type of acid rain is weakly acidic and reacts slowly with
The burning of fossil fuels produces both oxides of Sulphur and Nitrogen which make rainwater more acidic. This type of acid rain reacts quickly with minerals and weathers rock more
3 ways that rock fragments can be transported are(in alphabetical order); glaciers, rivers and strong winds. Rivers and stream and the like moving pieces of rock is called transport. [] flowing rivers can transport large rocks, but [] moving rivers can only transport tiny pieces of rock. fast---slow. As the pieces of rock are carried along by the water, they bash against each other and the river bed, thus, they eventually [] [] wear away. They become s[] and more r[]. They become smaller and more rounded.
Deposition occurs when pieces of weathered rock sink to the bottom of either the river bed or sea forming sediment. Dead creatures can get trapped in sediment and form fossils. It is considered that the time it takes for something to become a fossil is 10,000 years.
Sediment, such as sand and silt is deposited in layers. The build up of layers is called sedimentation. The layers become compacted to form sedimentary rock. The distinct layers of rock are related to the time intervals at which there is an occurence of sedimentation.
The 5 parts of the cycle of which rocks partake are (in consecutive order); weathering, erosion, transportation, deposition and sedimentation.
The process of weather and transportation is known as erosion.
Sometimes, metamorphic rocks are formed when rocks are close to some molten magma, and so get heated. Metamorphic rocks may form from rocks heated by magma.When a metamorphic rock is formed under pressure, its crystals become arranged in
Wind, rain and waves can all cause physical weathering. The wind can blow tiny grains of sand against a rock, that wear the rock away and [] it weather. [] and [] can also wear away rock over long periods of time Rain and waves.
[] is the movement of the broken pieces away from the site of weathering. Erosion
With freeze-thaw weathering, water enters the gaps inside rocks, then when the temperature reaches 0° or less, the water in consecutive order freezes then expands leading to rock fragments breaking off.
What happens to weathered rock? The fast moving water picks up large pieces of rock, which are eroded as they are carried along, then as the river widens out, large pieces of rock are deposited by the slow moving water. Most of that rock fragments are deposited at the mouth of the river where it is both wide and slow-moving.
Created by: Toluo
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