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bsc111 exam 1:ch 29
j.sellers:25,26,27,28,29,30
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| plants vs algae | land plants evolved from green algae (charophytes) |
| plants vs algae cont'd | 4 traits plants & algae share 1.Ring-shaped complexes for cellulose synthesis 2.Peroxisome enzymes 3.Structure of flagellated sperm 4.Formation of a phragmoplast |
| 4 key traits absent in charophytes | 1.aperical meristems 2.alternation of genertaions((haploid (n)spore, gametophyte, gamete) (diploid (2n)zygote & sporophyte) and multicellular dependent embryos 3.walled spores produced in sporangia 4. multicellular gametangia (F-archegonia/M-antherid |
| Land Plants | Eukaryotic, multicellular, autotrophic cell walls made mostly of cellulose chlorophylls a & b Domain Eukarya, Kingdom Plantae |
| Nonvascular plants:1. 3 phyla | a. phylum Hepatophyta – liverworts b. phylum Anthocerophyta – hornworts c. phylum Bryophyta - mosses |
| nonvascular plants #2:gametophyte | dominant generation; mass of green, branched,once-cell thick filaments- |
| *sporophytes | smaller than gametophytes; only present part of time and germinates in favorable conditions |
| nonvasculcar plants: 3.Bryophyte sporophytes disperse enormous numbers of spores | sporophytes remain attached to gametophyte throughout the lifetime(depends on it for sugar, water, amino acids) [sporangium can germinate over 50 mill species] |
| nonvascular plants: #4 Bryophytes provide many ecological and economic benefits | Common and diverse in moist forests and wetlands;Commonly fix N by symbiosis with cyanobacteria |
| n.v.:Sphagnum | a wetland moss;especially abundant and widespread. form peat (undecaying organic material) due to low temps and pH [wet regions dominated by this are known as peatbogs/peatlands] |
| origin of non vascular plants | 1.2 conducting tissues:xylem (dead tissue, water-conducting) & phloem (living tissue, food-transporting) 2.Water-conducting cells strengthened by lignin & provide structural support 3.Sporophyte generation is dominant in v.p. 4.Evolution of roots & lea |
| seedless vascular plants | 5.two modern phyla: a. phylum Lycophyta – club mosses b. phylum Pterophyta - ferns, whisk ferns, and horsetails 6. Most seedless vascular plants are homosporous, producing one type of spore that develops into a bisexual gametophyte |
| seedless vascular plants cont'd | 7. Seedless vascular plants are most common in damp habitats 8. Ferns produce clusters of sporangia, called sori, on the back of leaves |
| "coal forests" | left by seedless plants during coniferous period; left fossil fuels in form of coal |
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dixxfranks
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