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Ch.19

QuestionAnswer
Unicellular organisms that lack a nucleus; smallest and most common microorganisms Prokaryotes
Rod-shaped prokaryotes Bacilli
Spnerical-shaped prokaryotes Cocci
Spiral and corkscrew-shaped prokaryotes Spirilla
Type of asexual reproduction in which an organism replicates its DNA and divides in half, producing two identical daughter cells Binary fission
Form of asexual reproduction in which paramecia and some prokaryotes exchange genetic information Conjugation
Type of spore formed when a bacterium produces a thick internal wall that encloses its DNA and a portion of its cytoplasm Endospore
Process of converting nitrogen gas into ammonia Nitrogen fixation
Particle made up of nucleic acid, proteins, and in some cases, lipids; replicates only by infecting living cells Virus
A virus's protein coat Capsid
Virus that can infect bacteria Bacteriophage
Process in which a virus enters a cell, makes a copy of itself, and causes the cell to burst Lytic infection
Process by which a virus embeds its DNA into the DNA of the host cell and is replicated along with the host cell's DNA Lysogenic infection
Viral DNA that is embedded in the host's DNA Prophage
Viruses that contain RNA as their genetic information Retroviruses
Disease-causing agent Pathogen
A preparation of weakened or killed pathogens Vaccine
Compounds that block the growth and reproduction of bacteria Antibiotics
Single-stranded RNA molecules that have no surrounding capsids Viroids
Disease-causing particles made up of protein mot DNA or RNA Prions
Created by: Hagi131096
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