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Joint Movements

QuestionAnswer
Flexion Bending parts of a joint so that the angle between them decreases and the parts come closer together (bending the knees)
Extension Straightening parts at a joint so that the angle between them increases an and the parts move farther apart
Hyperextension Extension of the parts at a joint beyond the anatomical position (bending the head back beyond the upright position); often used to describe an abnormal extension beyond the normal range of motion resulting in injury
Dorsiflexion Movement at the ankle that brings the foot closer to the shin (walking on heels)
Plantar flexion Movement at the ankle that brings the foot farther from the shin (walking or standing on toes)
Abduction Moving a part away from the midline (lifting the upper limb horizontally to form a right angle with the side of the body) or from the axial line of the limb (spreading the fingers or toes)
Adduction Moving a part toward the midline (returning the upper limb from the horizontal position to the side of the body) or toward the axial line of the limb (closing in the fingers or toes)
Rotation Moving a part around an axis (twisting the head from side to side). Medial (internal) rotation is movement toward the midline of the anterior surface, whereas lateral (external) rotation is movement in the opposite direction
Circumduction Moving a part so that its end follows a circular path (moving the finger in a circular motion without moving the hand).
Supination Turning the hand so the palm is upward or facing anteriorly
Pronation Turning the hand so the palm is downward or facing posteriorly
Eversion Turning the foot so the plantar surface faces laterally.
Inversion Turning the foot so the plantar surface faces medially.
Protraction Moving a part forward (thrusting the head forward).
Retraction Moving a part backward (pulling the head backward).
Elevation Raising a part (shrugging the shoulders).
Depression Lowering a part (drooping the shoulders).
Created by: wasabilime
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