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Chpt. 4
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Biotic Factor | Plants, animals, bacteria are all biotic or living factors. |
| Abiotic Factor | Environmental factors such habitat (pond, lake, ocean, desert, mountain) or weather such as temperature, cloud cover, rain, snow, hurricanes, etc. are abiotic factors. |
| Habitat | he area or environment where an organism or ecological community normally lives |
| Niche | a habitat supplying the factors necessary for the existence of an organism or species |
| Resource | Any necessity of life |
| Competitive Exclusive Principle | No two species can occupy the same niche in the same habitat at one time. |
| Predation | When one organism traps and eats anothhyer organism |
| Symbiosis | Any relationship in which two species live closely together |
| Mutualism | both species benefit from the relationship |
| Commensalism | one member of the association benefits and the other is neither helped nor harmed |
| Parasitism | one organism lives on or inside another organism and harms it. |
| Ecological Succession | Series of predictable changes that occurs in a community over time |
| Primary Succession | Succession that occurs on surfaces where no soil eists |
| Pioneer Species | The first species to populate the area |
| Secondary Succession | Community interactions tend to restore the ecosystem to its original condition |
| Tropical Rain Forest | hot and wet year-round; thin, nutrient-poor soils |
| Tropical Dry Forest | Generally warm year-round; alternation wet and dry seasons; rich soils subject to erosion |
| Tropical Savanna | Warm temperaturs; seasonal rainfall; compact soil; frequent fires set by lightning |
| Desert | low precipitation; variable temperatures; soil rich in minerals but poor in organic material |
| Temperate Grassland | warm to hot summers cold winters; moderate, seasonal precipitation fertile soils occasional fires |
| Temperate Woodland/Shurbland | hot, dry summers; cool, moist winters; thin, nutrient-poor soils; periodic fires |
| Temperate Forest | cold to moderate winters; warm summers; year-round precipitation; fertile soil |
| Northern Coniferous Forest | mild temperatures; abundant precipitation during fall, winter, and spring; relatively cool, dry summer; rocky, acidic soils |
| Boreal Forest | long, cold winters; short, mild summers; moderate precipitation; high humidity; acidic, nutrient-poor soils |
| Tundra | strong winds; low precipation; short soggy summers; long, cold, and dark winters; poorly developed soils; permafrost |
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