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8Sci_Rock & Fossil
The Rock and Fossil Record Mid-Test (Mayfield)
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is hardened tree sap called? | amber |
| What does the rate of decay for a radioactive element in the rock determine? | the absolute age of a rock |
| What is the most common type of unconformity? | a disconformity |
| What does a paleobotonist study? | fossil plants |
| What is a paleontologist? | a scientist who studies the history of plants and animals |
| What are isotopes? | atoms with the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons |
| How does geologic change happen according to uniformitarianism? | it changes gradually |
| What type of event would an asteroid hitting the earth be? | catastrophe |
| What is a break in the Earth's crust called? | a fault |
| How are rock layers arranged in the geologic column? | oldest rocks are on the bottom |
| How does a geologist know that rock layers are undisturbed? | rock layers are horizontal |
| What is petrified wood and example of? | mineral replacement |
| What are preserved footprints an example of? | a trace fossil |
| Why do scientists drill ice cores? | to help them reconstruct Earth's history |
| What is an eon? | the largest division of geologic time |
| What would a trilobite that was buried by ocean sediment leave? | a cavity or mold |
| What is one of the major causes of the missing rock layers in unconformities? | erosion |
| What kind of temperature will slow down an organism's decay? | freezing temperatures |
| What is relative dating? | the process that involves the comparison of rock layers with others in a sequence to determine its age |
| What phrase could be used to remember the principle of superposition? | younger over older |
| What did marine fossils discovered on a Canadian mountaintop tell scientists? | the rocks on the mountaintop were once below the ocean's surface |
| What method would geologists use to determine the most accurate and precise age of Earth's oldest rocks? | the uranium-lead method |
| What is a trace fossil? | a fossil used to date surrounding rock layers |
| What is erosion? | when an area is worn down by water, wind and other elements |
| What caused the extinction of dinosaurs? | climate change |
| What is a mark left by a dinosaur's tail an example of? | a trace fossil |
| What is the slanting of rock layers called? | tilting |
| How do geologists use the geologic time scale? | to divide Earth's history into manageable parts |
| How can scientists learn how life has changed over time? | by studying the relationship between fossils |
| What can animal tracks tell about the animal that left them? | how big the animal was |
| What is occurring when radioactive isotopes break down into stable isotopes of other elements? | radioactive decay |
| What does a scientist need to know to figure out the absolute age of a rock? | the rate of decay for a radioactive element in the rock |
| What are index fossils? | what geologists use to date rock layers |
| What type of rock are most fossils preserved in? | sedimentary rock |
| What part of an animal is more commonly preserved? | the shell or bones |
| What method is most useful in dating plant and animal remains? | carbon-14 |
| Why is the fossil record incomplete? | most organisms never became fossils |
| What do scientists know about an undisturbed sequence of rocks? | younger rocks are on top of older rocks |
Created by:
masonteach
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