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A & P I Exam 1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| which is not a characteristic of living organisms? | aging |
| Gross/Macroscopic Anatomy | study of large body structures visible to the naked eye |
| Systemic Anatomy | study of anatomy w/respect to the systems e.g. digestive, circulatory, muscular...etc |
| Regional Anatomy | " " " w/ respect to areas of the body e.g. head abdomen, arm...etc |
| Surface Anatomy | " " " w/ respect to external features and superficial markings e.g. bulging muscles, arthritis deformities |
| Microscopic Anatomy | study of structures that cannot be seen w/the naked eye |
| Cytology | branch of microscopic anatomy that analyzes the structure of individual cells of the body |
| Histology | examination of tissues |
| Embryology | the study of early developmental processes |
| Cell Physiology | deals w/events at the chemical and molecular levels |
| Special Physiology | study of the physiology of specific organs e.g. cardiac physiology = study of the heart |
| Systemic Physiology | study of all aspects of an organ system |
| Muscular System | skeltal muscles & associated tendons -movement -protection and support for other tissues -produces heat to maintain body temp. |
| Skeletal System | Bones, cartilage, ligaments, bone marrow - support & protection for organs -stores calcium and minerals -form blood cells within the bones -framework for muscles |
| Integumentary System | Skin, hair, sweat glands, nails -protect from environment -regulates body temp. (shivering when cold) -synthesizes Vitamin D -provides sensory info (pain, pressure) |
| which is not a characteristic of living organisms? | aging |
| Gross/Macroscopic Anatomy | study of large body structures visible to the naked eye |
| which is not a characteristic of living organisms? | aging |
| Gross/Macroscopic Anatomy | study of large body structures visible to the naked eye |
| which is not a characteristic of living organisms? | aging |
| Gross/Macroscopic Anatomy | study of large body structures visible to the naked eye |
| Systemic Anatomy | study of anatomy w/respect to the systems e.g. digestive, circulatory, muscular...etc |
| Regional Anatomy | " " " w/ respect to areas of the body e.g. head abdomen, arm...etc |
| Surface Anatomy | " " " w/ respect to external features and superficial markings e.g. bulging muscles, arthritis deformities |
| Microscopic Anatomy | study of structures that cannot be seen w/the naked eye |
| Special Physiology | study of the physiology of specific organs e.g. cardiac physiology = study of the heart |
| Cytology | branch of microscopic anatomy that analyzes the structure of individual cells of the body |
| Systemic Physiology | study of all aspects of an organ system |
| Histology | examination of tissues |
| Embryology | the study of early developmental processes |
| Cell Physiology | deals w/events at the chemical and molecular levels |
| Special Physiology | study of the physiology of specific organs e.g. cardiac physiology = study of the heart |
| Special Physiology | study of the physiology of specific organs e.g. cardiac physiology = study of the heart |
| Female Reproductive System | Mammary Glands, ovaries, vagina,labia,clitoris,uterus,uterine tube -produces female sex cells (oocytes) -produces female hormones -fertilization sites -development of fetus -breasts produce milk -sexual intercourse |
| Systemic Physiology | study of all aspects of an organ system |
| Male Reproductive System | Testes, prostate gland, scrotum, penis, ductus deferens, seminal vessels - produces male sex cells (sperm) - " " hormones -sexual intercourse |
| Muscular System | skeltal muscles & associated tendons -movement -protection and support for other tissues -produces heat to maintain body temp. |
| Muscular System | skeltal muscles & associated tendons -movement -protection and support for other tissues -produces heat to maintain body temp. |
| Skeletal System | Bones, cartilage, ligaments, bone marrow - support & protection for organs -stores calcium and minerals -form blood cells within the bones -framework for muscles |
| Integumentary System | Skin, hair, sweat glands, nails -protect from environment -regulates body temp. (shivering when cold) -synthesizes Vitamin D -provides sensory info (pain, pressure) |
| Integumentary System | Skin, hair, sweat glands, nails -protect from environment -regulates body temp. (shivering when cold) -synthesizes Vitamin D -provides sensory info (pain, pressure) |
| Female Reproductive System | Mammary Glands, ovaries, vagina,labia,clitoris,uterus,uterine tube -produces female sex cells (oocytes) -produces female hormones -fertilization sites -development of fetus -breasts produce milk -sexual intercourse |
| Female Reproductive System | Mammary Glands, ovaries, vagina,labia,clitoris,uterus,uterine tube -produces female sex cells (oocytes) -produces female hormones -fertilization sites -development of fetus -breasts produce milk -sexual intercourse |
| Male Reproductive System | Testes, prostate gland, scrotum, penis, ductus deferens, seminal vessels - produces male sex cells (sperm) - " " hormones -sexual intercourse |
| Male Reproductive System | Testes, prostate gland, scrotum, penis, ductus deferens, seminal vessels - produces male sex cells (sperm) - " " hormones -sexual intercourse |
| Urinary System | Kidneys, ureter, urethra, urinary bladder -eliminates nitrogenous wastes -stores urine -regulates water balance -regulates blood ion concentrations -regulates blood pH |
| Urinary System | Kidneys, ureter, urethra, urinary bladder -eliminates nitrogenous wastes -stores urine -regulates water balance -regulates blood ion concentrations -regulates blood pH |
| Digestive System | teeth, tongue, esophagus, liver, stomch, small int., large int., gallbladder, pancreas, rectum, anus -breaks down foodstuffs -absorbs nutrients -absorbs & conserves water -stores bile |
| Digestive System | teeth, tongue, esophagus, liver, stomch, small int., large int., gallbladder, pancreas, rectum, anus -breaks down foodstuffs -absorbs nutrients -absorbs & conserves water -stores bile |
| Respiratory System | Nasal cavaties, sinuses, larynx, pharynx, trachea, bronchi, alveoli, lungs -supplies oxygen to the blood -removes CO2 -produces sounds -gas exchange at alveoli |
| Respiratory System | Nasal cavaties, sinuses, larynx, pharynx, trachea, bronchi, alveoli, lungs -supplies oxygen to the blood -removes CO2 -produces sounds -gas exchange at alveoli |
| Lymphoid/Immune System | Spleen, Thymus, Lymph Nodes, tonsils, lymphatic vessels, red bone marrow - defends against infection & diseases -returns leaked tissue fluid to the blood stream |
| Cardiovascular System | Heart, blood, blood vessels -vessels transport blood which carries Oxygen, CO2, nutrients, wastes -Heart pumps blood -distributes heat |
| Endocrine System | Pituitary Gland, adrenal glands, thyroid gland, pancreas, gonads, endocrine tissues -adjusts metabolic activity and energy use -controls structural and functional changes during dvlpmnt. -secretes hormones to regulate growth, reproduction, metabolism |
| Nervous System | Brain, spinal cord, nerves, sense organs -immediately responds to stimuli -provides and interprets sensory info. -coordinates activities of other organs |
| The serous membrane covering the stomach and most of the intestines is called the ________ | peritoneum |
| Receptor(sensor) | monitors environment; responds to stimuli ex) thermometer |
| Control CEnter | determines set point which the variable is maintained; receives input from the receptor/sensor; determines appropriate response ex) thermostat |
| Effector | receives output from ctrl. center; responds (reduces or enhances the stimulus) ex) heater or A.C. |
| _______ occurs when the activities of cells, tissues, organs, or systems change intrinsically. | Autoregulation |
| ________ results from the activities of the nervous system or endocrine system. | Extrinsic Regualtion |
| When homeostatic mechanisms fail, an individual experiences the symptoms of ___________. | disease |
| prone | face down |
| supine | face up |
| The two body cavities that form during embryonic dvlpmnt... | dorsal body cavity and coelom |
| Which sectional plane could divide the body so that the face remains in tact? | coronal plane |
| All atoms with the same atomic number are grouped into ______. | elements |
| In the body, inorganic compounds can | serve as buffers! |
| A polysaccharide formed in the liver and muscle cells to store glucose | Glycogen |
| A type of lipid produced by almost all tissues and acts as the local regulator of metabolism | prostaglandins |
| You would expect to find proteoglycans | in the secretions coating the respiratory tracts |
| Which of the following terms is not used to define the structure that separates the contents of a human cell from its surrounding medium? | cell wall |
| Functions of the cell membrane include all of the following except... | identifying foreign substances and cells |
| All of the following are non-membranous organelles except... | lysosomes |
| Flagella move a cell thru a fluid medium. What moves fluid medium across the cells? | cilia |
| The triplet codes needed to produce a specific polypeptide chain are found in the ________. | genes |
| Diffusion of a substance across the cell membrane is influenced by all of the following except... | its ability to dissolve in water |
| Bulk flow refers to... | the movement of groups of water molecules thru a membrane at one time |
| In the process known as ___________, hydrostatic pressure forces water across a membrane, and solute molecules are selected based on their size | filtration |
| Compared to the outside surface, the inside of a resting cell membrane is.... | negatively charged |
| Microfilaments | anchor the cytoskeleton to integral proteins of the cell membrane |
| Generally, cells with slower mitotic rates.. | have longer life spans |
| there is a direct relationship between the potency of an anesthetic and its ability to... | dissolve in lipid |
| In general, tetrodotoxin... | blocks the sodium channels in nerve cell membranes |
| Cancer cells may exhibit | metastasis |