Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
unit vocab
AP Gov. @ PHS- unit vocab.
| term | definition |
|---|---|
| safe seat | an elected office that is predictably won by the same party |
| reapportionment | number of seats per state adjusted by congress after a census |
| redistricting | the redrawing of congressional districts to keep district popuation relatively equal |
| gerrymandering | drawing election district boundaries to benefit a party or incumbent |
| speaker | presiding officer of House of Rep. elected by the majority party in the House |
| majority leader | legislative leader selected by majority party; plans party strategy, keeps party members in line |
| minority leader | leader selected by the minority party as spokesperson for the opposition in the House; often steps into the Speakership once his/her party gains a majority |
| whip | party leader who is the liaison between leadership and rank and file |
| closed rule | only in House of Rep.; prohibits amendments to a bill, or only the committee reporting the bill can suggest amendments |
| open rule | only in the House; a bill can have amendments made to it |
| refusal of a rule | House rules committee can delay consideration of a bill by refusing to assign a rule (either open or closed) |
| hold | practice in the senate whereby a senator temporarily blocks the consideration of a bill or nomination |
| president pro tempore | officer of the senate selected by the majority pary to act as chair in the absence of the vice president |
| filibuster | senate, whereby a senator holds the floor and therby delays proceedings and prevents a vote on a controversial issue |
| cloture | in the senatet: terminates debate, especially filibuster |
| senatorial courtesy | president's custom of submitting prospective appointees for approval to senators |
| delegate | view that legislators should represent the views of their constituents despite their own views |
| trustee | view that legislators should vote independently based on own judgement of facts |
| log rolling | vote trading among legislators |
| standing committee | permanent committee; focused on a policy area |
| rider | irrelevant provision added to a bill to secure its passage |
| pocket veto | president waits 10 days w/out signing bill and congress has adjourned |
| override | 2/3 vote in each senate and house that approves a bill after president has vetoed |
| joint committee | committee composed of members from both senate and house |
| select/special committee | committee created for a specific purpose |
| discharge position | petition that, if signed by by a majority of House, will force a bill out of committee and bring it to the floor for consideration |
| seniority rule | practice that assigns the chair of a committee or subcommittee to a member of the majority party whom has had the longest continous service on the committee |
| conference committee | committee appointed by presiding officers of each chamber to adjust differences on a particular bill passed by each in different forms |
| pork barrel legistlation | government benefits or programs that may help the economy of a member of congress's district |
| appropriations bills | has to be signed by congress and then the president to approve funds |
| franking privilege | perk incumbents have to help gain reelection: free mailing to constituents |
| executive privilege | the right for a president to withhold or protect information related to national security under certain conditions |
| Executive Order | order issued by a president of governor that has the force of law. |
| Item Veto | Power of an executive to veto parts of legislation; unconstitutional for a president to use, but okay for many governors |
| Impoundment | not spending funds for purposes congress has authorized |
| Continuing Resolutions | extending the authority for government spending for a few days or months |
| Judicial Review | power to authoritatively interpret the constitution |
| Class Action Lawsuit | Lawsuit brought by an individual or a group of people on behalf of all those similarily situated |
| Stare Decisis | the rule of precedent |
| appellate Jurisdiction | the authority to review appeals of the decisions made by lower courts |
| Court of Appeals | Court with appellate jurisdiction that hears appelas from the decisions of lower courts |
| Petit Jury | jury of 6-12 people who determine guilt or innocence in a civil or criminal action |
| Habeas Corpus | court order requiring explanation to a judge why a prisoner is held in custody |
| judicial restraint | judicial philosophy proposing proposing that judges should interpret the constitution to reflect what the framers intended and what its words literally say. |
| Judicial Activism | judicial philosophy proposingthat judges should interpret the constitution to reflect current conditions and values |
| Amicus Curiae | Literally "friend of the court"; individuals/groups who present additional information to a case |
| bureaucrat | career government employee |
| bureaucracy | professional corporation of official organized in a pyramidal hierarchy and functioning under impersonal, uniform rules and procedures |
| Spoils system | system of public employment based on rewardignpary loyalists and friends |
| Merit System | system in which selection and employment depend on demonstrated performance rather than political patronage |
| Office of Personnel Management (OPM) | Agency that administers civil service laws, rules, and regulations. |
| Bureau | largest subunit of a government department or agency |
| Government Corporation | cross between a business corp. and gov. agency; created to secure greater freeedom of action and flexibility for a particular program |
| Independent Agency | government entity that is independent of the legilsative, executive, and judicial branch |
| Independent Regulatory Board | independent agency or commission with regulatory powers whose independence is protected by congress |
| Office of Management and Budget | Presidential staff agency that serves as a clearing house for budgetary requests and managemnet improvements |
| Hatch Act | prohibits federal employees from active participation in certain kinds of politics and protects them from being fired on partisan grounds |
| Iron Triangle | mutually supported relationship among interest groups, congressional committees and subcommittees, and governmental agencies that share a common policy concern |
Created by:
chelsb
Popular AP Comparative Gov. sets