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Phlebotomy

Phlebotomy 115 Week 4

QuestionAnswer
Normal Flora Microorganisms in our digestive and respiratory tracts, on our skin, and in our vaginal area
Nosocomial Infection Hospital aquired, develops after 48-72 hrs or more. Most common is UTI from urinary catheters
Ethyl Alcohol Antiseptic for skin
Isopropyl Alcohol Antiseptic for skin
Chlorine Disinfectant for wounds
Hydrogen Peroxide Antiseptic for skin
Iodine Antiseptic for skin
Chlorhexidine Antiseptic for skin
Hexylresorcinol Antiseptic for skin
1-2% Phenols Disinfectant
Chlorophenol Disinfectant (toxic)
Mode of Transmission Direct contact, air, medical instruments, other objects, and other vectors
Pathogens Disease causing bacteria, fungi, viruses, or parasites, non-normal flora
Chain of Infection Source, Mode of Transmission, Susceptible Host
Source 1st link in the Chain of Infection
Mode of Transmission 2nd link in the Chain of Infection
Susceptible Host 3rd link in the Chain of Infection
Special Handling Requirements Chilled Specimens
Special Handling Requirements Protection of Specimens from Light
Special Handling Reqirements Microbiological Specimens
Special Handling Reqirements Warmed Specimens
Hepatitis A,B,C, D & E Bloodborne Pathogen
HIV Bloodborne Pathogen
Airborne Precautions Isolation Expanded Precaution for Airborn Pathogen
Airborne Precautions Isolation Used to reduce the spread of airborne droplet transmission of infectious agents such as rubeola, varicella, and Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Droplet Precautions Isolation Used to reduce the transmission of diseases that can be transmitted throught the contact of the mucous membranes of the eye, mouth, or nose with large-particle droplets that occur through sneezing, coughing, or talking
Droplet Precaution Isolation Expanded Precaution for Droplet Transmission
Contact Isolation Expanded Precaution for direct or indirect contact transmission
Contact Isolation Used to reduce the risk of transmission of serious diseases such as respiratory syncytical virus (RSV), herpes simplex, wound infections and others through direct or indirect contact
Surgical Aseptis All living things are destroyed before an invasion procedure. Items are sterilized by autoclaved or are single use items
Formites Exam tables, furniture, etc
Disinfection Chemicals used on inanimate objects, they cannot be used on people or inserted into any body orifice unless they can be autoclaved after disinfection
Sanitizing Scrubbing with instrument detergent to remove visable sontaminated debris, autoclaving as appropriate
Handwashing #1 most important of all infection procedures
Medical Asepsis Cleaning and disinfecting of equipment that has come into contact with a patient and will be used again on another patient, i.e. dental tools, vaginal speculums, or instruments
Sterilization Type Gas
Sterilization Type Dry Heat
Sterilization Type Chemical
Sterilization Type Steam 121 degrees C at 15 PSI for 15-20 minutes
Reverse or Protective Isolation All food and articles are sterilized before they are taken into the patients room
Reverse or Protective Isolation Patient's living in protective environments when the are recovering from cancer treatments
Bacteriocidal Kills bacteria
Bacteriostatic Stops the reproduction or growth of bacteria
Patient Variable Identification
Patient Variable Fasting verses non-fasting
Patient Variable Diurnal variations
Patient Variable Refusal to cooperate
Patient Variable Patient unavailabe
Patient Variable Stress or anxiety
Specimen Variable Hemolysis
Specimen Variable Inadequate volume in the tube
Specimen Variable Inadequate mixing of anticoagulant
Precentrifugation Variable Excessive agitation - causes hemolysis
Precentrifugation Variable Exposure to heat or light
Precentrifugation Variable Delay in transportation to lab
Centrifugation Variable Clotting time before centrifugation
Centrifugation Variable 1 time only
Centrifugation Variable Top must be secured appropriately
Centrifugation Variable Tubes centrifuged with closures in place
Centrifugation Variable Temperature Control
Postcentrafugation Variable Freezing & thawing of specimen
Postcentrafugation Variable Separation of serum or plasma no longer that 2 hrs after centrifugation
Postcentrafugation Variable Tube stored in an upright position with a secure closure
Postcentrafugation Variable After coagulation check for a complete barrier between the serum/plasma and the cells
Technique Variable Tourniquet application
Technique Variable Site selection
Patient Variable Age & Gender
Patient Variable Blood Type
Patient Variable Diet
Patient Variable Smoking
Patient Variable Drugs & Alcohol
Patient Variable Exercise
Patient Variable Stress & psychological disorders
Technique Variable Decontamination
Technique Variable Equipment selection & supplies
Universal Protective Equipment Gloves, mask, gown, goggles, face shield - treatment dependent
Needlesticks Most common reasons for exposure to blood/body fluids
Infectious Waste Anything that comes into contact woth patient blood or body fluids
30 Seconds Minimum Handwashing with antiseptic hand rub
15 Seconds Minimum Hand washing with non-antimicrobial soap & water
JCAHO Joint Commission Accrediation of Healthcare Organizationss
Infection Control in the Lab Maintaining laboratory records for surveillance purposes
Infection Control in the Lab Reporting on infectious agents, drug resistant microorganisms, and outbreaks
Infection Control in the Lab Evaluating the effectiveness of sterilization or decontamination procedures
Documentation Variable Accuracy, objective, legibility
Documentation Variable Errors should not be erased
Documentation Variable Include all relavant information in a timely manner
Exposure Control Warning lables posted on or next to the patient's hospital room door or other areas of health care institution to warn of possible hazards
Exposure Control Isolation Signs
Exposure Control Biohazard Signs
Exposure Control Radiation Hazard Signs
Exposure Control Pre-emloyment disease screening
Exposure Control Pre-employment/rotation Vaccination
Coagulation STAT/NOW Bloos Chemistries - Green Top
Hemotology CBC - Lavender Top
Hemotology ESR - Lavender Top
Hemotology HgA1C - Lavender Top
Hemotology Blood Bank - Pink Top
Pink or Lavender Top Whole Blood Hemotology Determinations
Green Top Plasma Determinations
Coagulation Light Blue Top
Hemotology ABO Grouping
Hemotology Immunohematology screening
Pink Top Rh Typing
Pink Top ABO Grouping
Pink Top Immunohemotology Testing
Lavender Top Rh Typing
Lavender Top ABO Grouping
Lavender Top Immunohemotology Testing
Lavender Top Antibody Screening
Pink Top Antibody Screening
Hemotology Antibody Screening
Created by: Adwa
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