Save
Busy. Please wait.
Log in with Clever
or
show password
Forgot Password?
Don't have an account?  Sign up 
Sign up using Clever
or
Username is available taken
show password


Make sure to remember your password. If you forget it there is no way for StudyStack to send you a reset link. You would need to create a new account. Your email address is only used to allow you to reset your password. See our Privacy Policy and Terms of Service.

Already a StudyStack user? Log In

Reset Password
Enter the associated with your account, and we'll email you a link to reset your password.
focusNode
Didn't know it?
click below
 
Knew it?
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
0:00
edit
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.

  Normal Size     Small Size show me how

USMLE - Immunopath

USMLE - Goljan, Chapter 3 Immunopathology

QuestionAnswer
Name the two types of immunity Innate and Acquired
Name cells of the innate immunity phagocytes (neutrophils, macrophages), NK cells
Name cells of acquired immunity B and T cells (antigen-dependent)
If a newborn already has IgM at birth, what should you suspect? Congenital infection because normally, IgM synthesis only begins at birth
When does IgG synthesis begin? 2 months old; IgG presence at birth is usually mom's IgG
MHC complex proteins that display self and non-self antigens to T cells
MHC class 1 bind to CD8 T cells
MHC class 2 bind to CD4 helper T cells
HLA genes subset of genes in the MHC region (on chromosome 6)
HLA A, B, C Belong to MHC class I group; present on all cells except RBCs; recognized by CD8 T cells and NK cells
HLA DP, DQ, DR belongs to MHC class II group; present on all antigen-presenting cells (B cells, macrophages, dendritic cells); recognized by CD4 helper T cells
HLA-B27 ankylosing spondylitis
HLA-DR2 MS
HLA-DR3 and DR4 Type 1 DM
Name 3 functions of CD4 T cells secrete IL-2 --> proliferation of CD4/CD8 T cells; secrete gamma-interferon --> activate macrophages; help B cells become antibody-producing plasma cells
What do CD8 T cells do? kill virus-infected, tumor (neoplastic), or foreign cells (donor)
Do APC's interact with CD4 or CD8 cells? CD4 T cells
What type of cells do NK cells attack? Virus-infected or tumor (neoplastic)
What are dendritic cells? APC's found in skin
What Ig is involved in Type I hypersensitivity? IgE --> activation of mast cells
Atopic disorders -- what type of hypersensitivity rxn? Type 1
Hay fever -- what type of hypersensitivity rxn? Type 1
Eczema -- what type of hypersensitivity rxn? Type 1
Hives -- what type of hypersensitivity rxn? Type 1
Asthma -- what type of hypersensitivity rxn? Type 1
anaphylaxis -- what type of hypersensitivity rxn? Type 1
Drug allergy to penicillin -- what type of hypersensitivity rxn? Type 1
Mnemonic for Type 1 Hypersensitivity Rxns ANAPHYLAXIS Annie's ASTHMA FLAREs when her FOOD contains HAY. FLARE = wheal/flare (insect stings, allergy testing); FOOD = food allergies; HAY = hayfever
Mnemonic for Type 2 Hypersensitivity Rxns The BULLdog E.F. ARF the II HAd GOOD TaPas, while DuM MaG-Gie PAssed on them.
Name the complement-dependent diseases associated with Type 2 Hypersensitivity reactions Complement Dependent: BULL=Bullous pemphigoid; E.F.=Erythroblastosis Fetalis; ARF=Acute Rheumatic Fever; II=type 2; HA=hemolytic anemia; GOOD=Goodpasteur's Syndrome; TP=thrombocytopenic purpura (autoimmune).
Name the complement-independent diseases associated with Type 2 Hypersensitivity reactions Complement-independent: DM=Diabetes Mellitus; MG=Myasthenia Gravis; G=Graves; PA=Pernicious Anemia.
Type II Hypersensitivity Rxns Antibody-dependent
ABO mismatch -- what type of hypersensitivity rxn? Type II - antibody dependent, complement-dependent, by lysis (MAC)
Hyperacute transplantation rejection -- what type of hypersensitivity rxn? Type II - antibody dependent, complement dependent, by lysis (MAC)
Goodpasteur's Syndrome -- what type of hypersensitivity rxn? Type II - antibody dependent, complement dependent, by lysis (MAC)
Warm IgG autoimmune hemolytic anemia -- what type of hypersensitivity rxn? Type II - antibody dependent, complement dependent, by phagocytosis (macrophages)
ABO and Rh disease of the newborn -- what type of hypersensitivity rxns? Type II - antibody dependent, complement dependent, by phagocytosis (macrophages)
helminth destruction by eosinophils -- what type of hypersensitivity rxn? Type II - antibody dependent, complement INdependent, cell-mediated cytotoxicity
Type III Hypersensitivity Rxns Immune complex-mediated diseases
Mnemonic for Type 3 Hypersensitivity Rxns ARTHur was the 3rd PaGaN, RA in SLE with PNEUMONITIS in his PeNis!! ARTH=ArthusRxn; 3rd=Type III; PGN=Post-StrepGlomeruloNephritis; RA=RheumArthritis; SLE; Pneu=HypersensitivityPneumonitis; PN=PolyarteritisNodosum
Serum sickness -- what type of hypersensitivity rxn? Type III - immune complex dependent
Type IV Hypersensitivity Rxns T-cell mediated diseases
Mnemonic for Type 4 Hypersensitivity Rxns Don't CONTACT Ms. GUILLIAN HASHIMOTO FOR NEURo TrouBles because she's GraVid. D=IDDM; CONTACT=ContactDermatitis; Guillian Barre; HashimotoThyroiditis; Neuritis; TB=tuberculosis; GV=Graft vs. Host Dz
What is delayed Type 4 Hypersensitivity? CD4 T cell mediated; macrophage activation, cytokines released --> inflammation.
What is cell-mediated cytolysis Type 4 Hypersensitivity? CD8 T cell cytolysis
IL-1 Secreted by macrophages --> inflammatory mediators --> pyrogenic response
IL-2 Secreted by helper (CD4) T cells --> both helper and cytotoxic T cells --> make more T cells!!
IL-3 Secreted by helper (CD4) T cells --> stimulate bone marrow stem cells --> growth and differentiation of progenitors of all blood cells
IL-4 Secreted by Th2 (subset of CD4's) cells 1. B cells --> IgE/IgG production, 2. differentiation of naïve CD4's into Th2's, 3. suppress gamma-interferon actions of macrophages
IL-5 Secreted by Th2 (subset of CD4's) cells 1. B cells --> make IgA, 2. eosinophils --> activate to kill worms
IL-6 Secreted by Th2 (subset of CD4's) cells AND macrophages --> acute phase reactants and Ig's by hepatocytes; --> stimulates growth of plasma cells (antibody-producing B cells)
IL-8 Secreted at site of inflammation --> chemotasis of neutrophiles
IL-10 Secreted by Th2 (subset of CD4's) cells AND activated macrophages --> 1. block Th1 and activated macrophages; 2. stimulate Th2
IL-12 Secreted by B cells to activate NK cells; secreted by macrophages to activate Th1 (IFN-gamma release and phagocytic ingestion of microbes)
IFN-gamma Secreted by Th1 (subset of CD4's) AND NK cells --> stimulate Th1's and macrophages, block Th2
Created by: christinapham
Popular USMLE sets

 

 



Voices

Use these flashcards to help memorize information. Look at the large card and try to recall what is on the other side. Then click the card to flip it. If you knew the answer, click the green Know box. Otherwise, click the red Don't know box.

When you've placed seven or more cards in the Don't know box, click "retry" to try those cards again.

If you've accidentally put the card in the wrong box, just click on the card to take it out of the box.

You can also use your keyboard to move the cards as follows:

If you are logged in to your account, this website will remember which cards you know and don't know so that they are in the same box the next time you log in.

When you need a break, try one of the other activities listed below the flashcards like Matching, Snowman, or Hungry Bug. Although it may feel like you're playing a game, your brain is still making more connections with the information to help you out.

To see how well you know the information, try the Quiz or Test activity.

Pass complete!
"Know" box contains:
Time elapsed:
Retries:
restart all cards