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Science
6th grade - Chapters 1-4
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What word means to revolve around? | orbit |
| What is a symmetrically shaped oval? | ellipse |
| What are the two central points inside an ellipse? | foci |
| What is the distance between the earth and the sun known as? | an astronomical unit |
| What is the force of attraction that exists between any two objects? | gravity |
| What are the largest heavenly bodies that orbit the sun, and the name means the "wanderers"? | planets |
| What is made up of the sun and all the heavenly bodies that orbit it? | the solar system |
| How many days are in a solar year? | 365 1/4 |
| What is the blanket of air that makes the earth hospitable for living thing? | atmosphere |
| What is the region of the atmosphere, located between 10 to 30 miles above the surface of the earth, which filters out most of the sun's ultraviolet radiation? | ozone layer |
| What do we call the ability of the atmosphere to retain heat around the earth? | greenhouse effect |
| What are the dark patches on the moon's surface once thought to be seas but now known to be rolling plains called? | maria |
| What is the period of time it takes for the moon to revolve around the earth called? | lunar month |
| What occurs when the moon passes directly behind the earth, and the earth blocks the sunlight from the moon, causing it to appear darkened? | lunar eclipse |
| What occurs when the moon blocks the sun from our view? | solar eclipse |
| What are the asteroids located in the inner solar system which cross paths with the earth called? | near-Earth asteroids |
| What is the amount of time it takes for a comet to complete its orbit called? | period |
| What happens when the earth passes through a cluster of meteoroids? | meteor shower |
| What are the first four inner planets? | Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars |
| What are the five outer planets? | Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune, Pluto |
| Who believed in an earth-centered universe (an ancient Greek astronomer)? | Claudius Ptolemy |
| Who believed in a sun-centered universe (a Polish astronomer)? | Nicolaus Copernicus |
| Who formulated the three laws of planetary motion? | Johannes Kepler |
| What English scientist discovered gravity and developed the law of universal gravity? | Sir Isaac Newton |
| What phase of the moon displays the most light? | full moon |
| What phase of the moon seems to hide, because you cannot see its sunlit side? | new moon |
| What lunar phase is when the moon is half dark and half light? | quarter (1st and 3rd) |
| What lunar phase is found when the moon's shape bulges but is not quite round? | gibbous |
| What lunar phase may appear like a tiny sliver? | crescent |
| What tides occur when the sun and the moon are at right angles to the earth? | neap tides |
| What tide occurs when the moon is in line with the earth and sun? | spring tide |
| What is a single orbit around the sun or another heavenly body? | revolution |
| What is the spinning of the earth or other object? | rotation |
| What do we call a band of comet-like objects that are located beyond the orbit of Neptune? | Kuiper's belt |
| What is the band of asteroids located between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter? | asteroid belt |
| What are little "planets" ranging in size from a few hundred mils across to the size of a house? | asteroids |
| What are pieces of space debris that are smaller than the smallest asteroid? | meteoroid |
| What is a meteor that enters earth's atmosphere and hits the earth? | meteorite |
| What is a meteoroid that enters earth's atmosphere? | meteor |
| What do we call an asteroid-sized chunk of rock, dust, and ice that develops a huge, bright "tail" as it approaches the sun? | comet |
| What are the three parts of a comet? | nucleus, coma and tail |
| What is an invertebrate that has an external skeleton, a segmented body, and jointed appendages called? | arthropod |
| What is the process in which an insect sheds its external skeleton is called? | molting |
| What is the process of arranging animals or other things into groups according to their similarities called? | classification |
| What has the ability to regenerate lost body parts and has strong pinchers? | crustaceans |
| What has two distinct body regions and eight legs? | spiders |
| What has three pairs of jointed legs and one or more pair of wings? | insects |
| What part of an insect helps it to feel, hear, and taste? | antennae |
| What is the scientific name use to identify animals? | genus and species |
| Spiders have two distinct body regions, what are they? | abdomen and cephalothorax |
| Name the 3 distinct body regions all insects have. | head, thorax, abdomen |
| What is a scientist who studies insects called? | entomologists |
| Most insects undergo a transformation in appearance known as? | metamorphosis |
| What part of a flower makes and holds pollen? | stamen |
| What part of a flower encloses and protects a developing flower? | sepal |
| What part of a flower holds the undeveloped seeds? | ovary |
| What part of a flower attracts bees? | petals |
| What part of the flower becomes a fruit? | ovary |
| What are the parts of a flower? | sepal, petal, stamen, pistil, stigma, ovary, ovule |
| What is the chemical process by which a plant produces food? | photosynthesis |
| What is the transfer of pollen from the stamen to the pistil called? | pollination |
| What is the process in which an egg stored inside an ovule unites with a sperm cell from a grain of pollen? | fertilization |
| What is the pigment that gives a plant its green color? | chlorophyll |
| The part of the seed that is a miniature plant is called? | embryo |
| What do we call a person who studies plants? | botanist |
| Where does photosynthesis occur? | photosynthesis takes place in the leaves of the plant |
| What is the purpose of photosynthesis? | the purpose of photosynthesis is to make food for the plant |
| What three ingredients are necessary for photosynthesis to occur? | water, air, and light |
| What two conditions are needed for a seed to sprout? | moisture and warmth |
| Describe the lily family. | petals grow in multiples of 3 / grows from bulbs |
| Describe the pea family. | has 5 petals (one large and four small) / fruit grow in pods |
| Describe the grass family. | has small flowers and two-part leaves / reproduces without flowers |
| Describe the rose family. | petals grow in multiples of 5 / includes apples and cherries |
| Describe the composite family. | largest flowering family / two types of flowers make up the "one" flower |
| What is the smallest of all green plants? | algae |
| What are the green plants that have no true leaves, stems, or roots? | mosses |
| A plant that does not die after one season of growth but continues to live and grow for many seasons is called? | perennial |
| A plant that lives for two years and then dies is called? | biennial |
| A plant that lives for only one season of growth is called? | annual |
| What type of trees bear cones instead of flowers? | conifers |
| What type of trees keep their leaves year round, even in the winter? | evergreens |
| What type of tree lose their leaves in the fall? | deciduous |
| What are scientist who study trees called? | dendrologist |
| Describe the amoeba. | has no definite shape/ moves by means of pseudopods / uses pseudopods to engulf food / must live in water / some parasitic amoebas cause diseases |
| Monstrous waved caused by earthquakes are called? | tsunamis |
| What is a break that appears at te boundary between two moving masses calle? | fault |
| What is defined as any trembling or shaking of the earth's crust? | earthquake |
| What type of weathering occurs when natural acids slowly eat into a rock, breaking it apart? | chemical weathering |
| Scientists who study the structure of the earth are called? | geologists |
| What is the study of earthquakes? | seismology |
| What is magma that has reached the earth's surface called? | lava |
| What are the 3 types of volcanoes? | shield, cinder cone, composite |
| What are the 3 main sections of the earth? | crust, mantle, core |
| What is the outermost layer of the earth, which is quite thin compared to the other layers? | crust |
| What is the middle layer o the earth, which makes up the largest portion, and is made of solid rock? | mantle |
| What is the innermost region of the earth, made up of liquid and solid? | core |
| What type of rock is formed when molten rock solidifies? | igneous |
| What type of rock is formed from sand and mineral fragments that have been pressed together? | sedimentary |
| What type of rock has been change by extreme heat or pressure into a new kind of rock? | metamorphic |
| Over 75% of the earth's surface is covered with what type of rock? | sedimentary |
| What is the most common igneous rock found everywhere on land? | granite |
| Which sedmentary rock is used to make glass? | sandstone |
| What metamorphic rock is very beautiful and most widely used, and began as limestone? | marble |
| What is the study of caves called? | speleology |
| What are the different cave formations? | draperies, cave pearls, stalagmites, stalactites, columns, flowstones, soda straws |
| What are the three basic types of galaxies? | spiral, elliptical, irregular |
| What are stars that outline a picture in the sky called? | constellation |
| What are large clouds of gas and dust floating around in space called? | nebulae |
| What is the brightest star in the night sky? | Sirius |
| What is the pole star or north star? | Polaris |
| What is the closest star to the earth? | the sun |
| What is a star system containing millions to billions of stars? | galaxy |
| How far away is the sun from the earth? | 93 million miles |
| What is the actual explosion of a star? | supernova |
| What is apparent magnitude? | the brightness of a star as it appears from Earth |
| What is absolute magnitude? | the actual brightness of a star |
| Describe what space is like. | no air (a vacuum) / no air friction / mostly black / weightlessness / extremes of temperature |
| Identify the following constellations. | Andromeda, Cassiopeia, Centaurus, Cygnus, Draco, Orion, Pegasus, Perseus, Sagittarius, Taurus |
| What is the study of outer space and all that it contains? | astronomy |
Created by:
kbtarheelgirl
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