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chapter 8

vocabulary

QuestionAnswer
genomics study and comparison of genomes within a single species or among different species.
intron segment of a gene that does not code for an amino acid
exon sequence of dna that codes information for protein synthesis.
promotor section of dna to which rna polymerase binds, starting the transcription of mrna.
operon section of DNA that contains all of the code to begin transcription, regulate transcription, and build a protein
histone protein that organizes chromosomes and around which DNA wraps.
restriction enzyme enzyme that cuts DNA molecules at specific nucleotide sequence.
gene therapy procedure to treat a disease in which a defective or missing gene is replaced or a new gene in inserted into a patients genome.
human genome project project whose goal is to map sequence, and identify all the genes in the human genome.
gene sequencing process of determining the order of DNA nucleotides in genes and genomes.
transgenic organism whose genome has been altered to contain one or more genes from another organism or species.
plasmid circular piece of genetic material found in bacteria that can replicate separetly from the DNA of the main chromosome.
recombinant DNA genetically engineered DNA that contains genes from more than one organism or species.
genetic engineering process of changing an organism's DNA to give the organism new trait.
clone genetically identical copy of single gene or an entire organism.
DNA fingerprinting unique sequence of DNA base pairs that can be used to identify a person at the molecule level.
watson and crick credited with discovery of DNA structure.
base paired rule rule that describes how nucleotides form bonds in DNA; adenine(a)always bonds with thymine(T)
messenger RNA form of RNA that carries genetic information from the nucleus to the cytoplasm, where it serves as a template for protein synthesis.
mutation change in the DNA sequence
Created by: dawngill
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