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MedSurge-HEMATOLOGY
MedSurge HEMATOLOGY review
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Erythrocyte, production stimulated by? | hypoxia |
| Increase in _____ indicate an increased rate of erythropoiesis? | reticulocytes |
| Immature cell of _____ is a band? | neutrophils |
| _____ may become tissue macrophages? | monocytes |
| 30% of the volume of _____ is stored in the spleen? | platelets |
| _____ are primarily responsible for the immune response? | lymphocytes |
| 0% - 2% of WBCs are _____? | monocytes |
| _____ are increased in individuals with allergies. | eosinophils |
| _____ respond first at injury site. | neutrophils |
| 20% - 40% of WBCs are _____? | lymphocytes |
| _____ releases granules that increase allergic and inflammatory responses | basophils |
| _____ arise from megakaryocytes | platelets |
| 50% - 70% of WBCs are _____? | neutrophils |
| _____ make up 2$ - 4% of WBCs. | eosinophils |
| Neutrophils are known as _____? | "segs" |
| Granulocytes include: _____, _____, and _____. | basophils, eosinophils, neutrophils |
| Red cell production is stimulated by the release of growth factor, _____ from the kidney | erythropoietin |
| Nutrients essential for RBC production are: _____, _____, and _____. | iron, folic acid, vitamin B12 |
| Organs responsible for filtering are: _____, _____, and _____. | liver, lymph nodes, spleen |
| Iron is stored in the body as: _____ and _____. | ferritin, hemosiderin |
| During fibrinolysis by plasmin, the fibrin clot splits into smaller molecules known as? | fibrin split products (FSP) or fibrin degradation products (FDP) |
| Increased FSP leads to _____? | bleeding; prevents fibrin stabilization |
| In the elderly PTT is normally (increased / decreased) | decreased |
| Overproduction of myeloblasts on a CBC would include increased values in: _____, _____, and _____. | eosinophils, basophils, neutrophils |
| During a physical assessment of pt. w/thrombocytopenia, nurse would expect to find p_____, and p_____. | petechiae, purpura |
| A smooth, shiny, reddened tongue is an indication of? | iron-deficiency anemia or pernicious anemia |
| serum iron: 40 mcg/dL, indicates? | iron-deficiency anemia |
| ESR: 30 mm/hr, indicates? | an inflammatory condition |
| Increased band neutrophils, indicates? | infection |
| aPPT: 60sec, indicates? | heparin therapy |
| Indirect bilirubin: 2.0 mg/dL, indicates? | hemolysis of RBCs |
| Bence-Jones protein in urine, indicates? | multiple myeloma |
| Ecchymosis is _____? | bruising |
| Dissolution of a fibrin clot is termed _____? | fibrinolysis |
| WBC <4000 indicates _____? | leukopenia |
| Absolute neutrophil count <1000/uL indicates _____? | neutropenia |
| Marked decreased in RBCs, WBCs, and platelets is termed _____? | pantocytopenia |
| Petechiae display as? | small, purplish pinpoint lesions |
| 3 functions of blood? | transportation, regulation, protection |
| 2 major components of blood _____ and _____? | plasma, proteins |
| Granulocytes, primary function is? | phagocytosis |
| Lumps can be an indication of? | infection, foreign infiltrations, or systemic disease such as leukemia, lymphoma, Hodgkin’s lymphoma, and metastatic cancer |
| Swollen lymph nodes are described as? | tender/non-tender, soft/hard, and mobile/fixed |
| An increase of RBCs are seen in high altitudes because erythropoiesis is stimulated by? | hypoxia |
| In malignant disorders, the number of cells available for phagocytosis (increases/decreases)? | decreases |
| Anticoagulants such as warfarin (Coumadin) interferes with prothrombin production during which phase of clotting? | activation of thrombin |
| Iron absorption occurs in the _____? | duodenum |
| Antiseizure drugs (eg. phenytoin [Dilantin], carbamazepine [Tegretol], can cause hematologic effect of _____? | anemia |
| normal findings for palpable lymph nodes | 0.5 - 1.0 cm / firm / non-tender / mobile |
| Flushing on the palms or soles, may be indicative of _____? | anemia |
| Jaundiced sclera, may be indicative of? | bile accumulation, excessive hemolysis, liver disease, infiltration |
| Parathesias of feet and hands; ataxia, may be indicative of? | cobalamin (Vit B12) or folate deficiency |
| Bone pain, may be indicative of? | multiple meyloma; bone demineralization; sickle cell disease |
| Joint swelling, may be indicative of? | hemophilia; sickle cell disease |
| Hepatomegaly and jaundice often occur with? | hemolytic anemia |
| Pt. with Vit B12 deficiency often have (increased / decreased) stomach acidity | decreased (achlorhydria) |
| Dietary intake of Vit B12 / bone marrow transplant (is / is not) a treatment option for pernicious anemia? | is not; person has inability to absorb Vit B12, they need to do supplements for life |
| Etiology of aplastic anemia; impaired oral mucous? | deficiency in platelets, RBCs, WBCs; coagulation factors NOT a factor |
| Aplastic anemia is? | a condition where bone marrow does not produce sufficient new cells to replenish blood cells |
| Primary nursing interventions for pt. with aplastic anemia are directed toward? | prevention of hemorrhage and infection |
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