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Volcanoes
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Magma | A molten mixture of rock-forming substances, gases, and water from the mantle |
| Lava | What magma is called when it reaches the surface |
| Viscosity | The resistance of a liquid to flowing |
| Pahoehoe | Fast-moving, hot lava that has low viscosity |
| Aa | Slow-moving, cool lava that has higher viscosity |
| Volcanic ash | Fine rocky particles as small as a speck of dust |
| Craters | A bowl-shaped area that forms around a volcano's central opening |
| Vent | The opening through which molten rock and gas leave a volcano |
| Cinders | Pebble-sized particles that come out from a volcano |
| Bombs | Particles ranging from the size of a baseball to the size of a car |
| Volcanoes | A weak spot in the crust where molten material, or magma, comes to the surface |
| Pyroclastic flow | The expulsion of ash, cinders, bombs, and gases during an explosive volcanic eruption |
| Hot springs | A spring that is formed when groundwater is heated by a nearby body of magma or by hot rock deep underground |
| Element | A substance that can't be broken down into other substances |
| Cindercone volcano | A small, steep, hill-shaped area built up along the vent of a volcano |
| Composite volcano | A tall, cone-shaped mountain in which layers of lava alternate with layers of ash and other volcanic materials |
| Shield volcano | A wide, gently sloping mountain made of layers of lava and formed by quiet eruptions |
| Dike | A slab of volcanic rock formed when magma forces itself across rock layers |
| Batholith | A mass of rock formed when a large body of magma cools inside the srust |
| Sill | A slab of volcanic rock formed when magma squeezes between layers of rock |
| Pipe | A long tube through which magma moves from the magma chamber to Earth's surface |
| Magma chamber | The pocket beneath a volcano where magma collects |
| Dormant | A volcano that is not currently active, but that may become active in the future |
| Active | A volcano that is erupting or has shown signs that it may erupt in the near future |
| Extinct | A volcano that is unlikely to erupt again |
| Geyser | A fountain of water and steam that builds up pressure underground and erupts at regular intervals |
| Caldera | The large hole at the top of a volcano formed when the roof of a volcano's magma chamber collapses |
| Lava plateau | High, level areas formed by eruptions of lava |
| Ring of Fire | A major belt of volcanoes that rims the Pacific Ocean |
Created by:
lchoi
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