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BIOL1408
VOCABULARY
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Biology | The scientific study of life |
| Cell | Basic unit of life |
| Organism | living individual consisting of one or more cells |
| DNA | deoxyibonucleic acid - the informational molecule of life - a biochemical - a series of "recipes" for proteins that each cell can make |
| atoms | The smallest particle found in all living structures |
| molecules | form from the bonding together of atoms |
| organelles | compartments that carry out specialized functions in cells (not all cells contain organelles |
| tissue | cells organize into specialized _____________ |
| organ | Tissues make up _____________ |
| organ system | multiple organs link together to form individual ___________ _________ |
| organism | organ systems work to gether as a group in an ___________ |
| population | includes members of the same species living in the same place at the same time |
| community | includes the populations of different species in a region |
| ecosystem | includes both the living and nonliving components of an area |
| biosphere | refers to all parts of the planet that can suppport life. |
| emergent properties | When all of the components of an organism interact they create new, complex functions called ___________ ____________ |
| Magnification | The amount that the image of an object is enlarged |
| Resolving power | The extent to which object detail in an image is preserved during the magnifying process (ability to distinguish 2 points as separate points) |
| Contrast | The degree to which image details stand out against their background. |
| field of view | the circle of light you see when looking into the microscope |
| parfocal | Coarse focus stays in focus when changing objectives |
| parcentral | the center of the field of view remains about the same for each objective lens |
| depth of field | the distance through which you can move the specimen and still have it remain in focus |
| working distance | the space between the objective lens and the slide |
| Producers | (autotrophs) make their own food by extracting energy and nutrients from nonliving sources |
| Consumers | (heterotrophs) obtain energy and nutrients by eating other organisns, living or dead; |
| Decomposers | (heterotrophs) obtain energy and nutrients from wastes or dead organisms |
| Homeostasis | the process by which a cell or organism maintains a state of internal constancy, or equilibrium |
| asexual reproduction | genetic information comes from only one parent, and all offspring are virtually identical |
| sexual reproduction | genetic material from two parent individuals unites to form an offspring, which has a new combination of inherited traits. |
| adaptation | an inherited characteristic or behavior that enables an organism to survive and reproduce successfully in its environment |
| natural selection | the enhanced reproductive success of certain individuals from a population based on inherited characteristics |
| evolution | a change in the genetic makeup of a population over multiple generations |
| Taxonomy | the biological science of naming and classifying organisms |
| species | the basic unit of calssification which designates a distinctive "type" of organisms |
| genus | closely related species |
| domain | the broadest (most inclusive) toxonomic category |
| kingdom | subdivisions of species in each domain |
| scientific method | a general way of using evidence to answer questions and test ideas |
| hypothesis | a tentative explanation for one or more observations |
| peer review | scientist who evaluate the validity of the methods, data, and conclusions of a hypothisis |
| sample size | the number of individuals that will be studyied in an experiment |
| experiment | an investigation carried out in controlled conditions |
| variable | changeable element of an ezperiment |
| independent variable | What the investigator manipulates to detemine whether it influences the phenomenon of interest |
| Dependent variable | What the investigator measures to determine whether the independent variable influenced the phenomenon of interest |
| Standardized variable | any variable intentionally held constant for all subjects in an experiment, including the control group. |
| control | a "normal" group in an experiment which provides a basis for comparison |
| placebo | an inert substance that resembles the treatment given to the experimental group |
| double-blind | neither the researchers nor the particippants know who receives the vaccine or the placebo. |
| statistical significance | the analysis considers both variation and sample size to yield a measure which is the probability that the results arouse purely by chance |
| theory | an explanation for a natural phenomenon, typically broader than a hypothesis |
Created by:
patriciaalcorn
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