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Chapter 2 and 3

QuestionAnswer
describes a molecule with opposite charges on opposite ends 1. Polar
the force that holds molecules of a single material together 2. Cohesion
the intermolecular force occurring when a hydrogen atom that is bonded to a highly electronegative atom of one molecule is attar 2. Cohesion
an ion consisting of a proton combined with a molecule of water 4. Hydroxide Ion
a range of values that are used to express the acidity or alkalinity of a system 5. pH scale
any compound that increases the number of hydronium ions when dissolved in water; acids turn blue litmus paper red and react with bases and some metals to form salts 7. Acid
any compound that increases the number of hydroxide ions when dissolved in water; bases turn red litmus paper blue and react with acids to form salts 7. Base
a large molecule that is formed by more than five monomers or small units 8. Polymer
any organic compound that is made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen and that provides nutrients to the cells of living things 9. Carbohydrate
a chemical reaction in which two or more molecules combine to produce water or another simple molecule 10. Condensation Reaction
a simple sugar that is the basic subunit, or monomer, of a carbohydrate 11. Monosaccharide
a simple molecule that can combine with other like or unlike molecules to make a polymer 12. Monomer
an organic compound that is made of one or more chains of amino acids and is a principle component of all cells 13. Protein
the chemical bond that forms between the carboxyl group of one amino acid and the amino group of another amino acid 14. Peptide Bond
an organic molecule that acts as the main energy source for cell processes; composed of a nitrogenous base, a sugar, and three phosphate groups 15. ATP
a part substance or element that lies beneath and supports another part substance or element 16. Substrate
a simple sugar that is the basic subunit or monomer of a carbohydrate 17. monosaccharide
a large nonpolar organic molecule including fats and steroids 18. Disaccharide
one of the carbohydrates made up of long chains of simple sugars 19. Polysaccharide
an organic molecule that contains a carboxyl and an amino group and that makes up proteins; a protein monomer 21. Amino Acid
a type of protein or RNA molecule that speeds up metabolic reactions in plant and animals without being permanently changed or destroyed Enzyme
the site on an enzyme that attaches to a substrate 22. Active site
a type of liquid that consists of four carbon rings to which various functional groups are attached and that usually as a physiological action Steroid
an organic compound either RNA or DNA whose molecules are made up of one or two chains of nucleotides and carry genetic information 24.Nucleic Acid
in a nucleic acid chain a subunit that consists of a sugar a phosphate and a nitrogenous base 30. Nucleotide
an ion consisting of a proton combined with a molecule of water 26. Hyrdronium ion
any compound that increases the number of hydronium ions when dissolved in water 27. Acid
any compound that increases the number of hydroxide ions when dissolved in water 28. Base
a covalently bonded compound that contains carbon, excluding carbonates and oxides 29. Organic Compound
Created by: rival711
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