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Ch. 2 and 3

QuestionAnswer
1. Polar describes a molecule with opposite charges on opposite ends
2. Cohesion the force that holds molecules of a single material together
3. Adhesion the attractive force between two bodies of different substances that are in contact with each other
4. Hydrogen bond the intermolecular force occurring when a hydrogen atom that is bonded to a highly electronegative atom of one molecule is attracted to two unshared electrons of another molecule
5. Hydroxide ion the OH-ion
6. Hydronium ion an ion consisting of a proton combined with a molecule of water
7. Acid any compound that increases the number of hydronium ions when dissolved in water.
8. Base any compound that increases the number of hydroxide ions when dissolved in water.
9. pH scale a range of values that are used to express the acidity if alkalinity of a system
10.Buffer a solution made from a weak acid and its conjugate base that neutralizes small amounts of acids or bases added to it
11.Organic compound a covalently bonded compound that contains carbon, excluding carbonates and oxides
12.Monomer a simple molecule that can combine with other like or unlike molecules to make a polymer.
13.Pol a large molecule that is formed by more than five monomers, or small units.
14.Condensation reaction a chemical reaction in which two or more molecules combine to produce water or another simple molecule.
15.ATP an organic molecule that acts as the main energy source for cell process.
16.Carbohydrate any organic compound that is made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen and that provides nutrients to the cells of living things.
17.Monosaccharide a simple sugar that is the basic subunit, of monomer, or a carbohydrate.
18.Disaccaride a sugar formed from two monosaccharide.
19.Polysaccharide one of the carbohydrates made up of long chains of simple sugars
20.Protein a organic compound that id made of one or more chains of amino acids and that is a principal component of all cells.
21.Amino acid an organic molecule that contains carboxyl and an amino group and that makes up protein.
22.Peptide bond the chemical bond that forms between thee carboxyl group of amino acid and the amino group of another amino acid.
23.Polypeptide a long train of several amino acids
24.Enzyme a type of protein or RNA molecule that speeds of metabolic reactions in plant and animals without being permanently changed or destroyed
25.Substrate a part. substance, or an element that lies beneath and supports another part, substance, or element.
26.Active site the site of an enzyme that attaches to a substance.
27.lipid a large, nonploar, organic molecule, including fats and steroids.
28.Sterio a type of lipid that consists of four carbon rings to which various functional groups that are attached and usually has a physiological action.
29.Nucleic acid an organic compound, either RNA or DNA whose molecules are made up of two or more chains of nucleotides and carry generic information.
30.Nucleotide in a nucleic acid, a subunit that consists of a sugar, a phosphate, and a nitrogenous acid.
Created by: katherine.pierce
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