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Pre-AP Biology
Chapters 2 & 3
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| uneven distribution of charge (water) | 1. Polar |
| an attractive force that holds molecules of a single substance together | 2. Cohesion |
| attractive force between two particles of different substances | 3. Adhesion |
| force of attraction between a hydrogen molecule with a partial of full negative charge | 4. Hydrogen bond |
| OH- ion | 5. Hydroxide ion |
| H3O+ ion | 6. Hydronium ion |
| if the number of hydronium ions in a solution is greater than the number of hydroxide ions | 7. Acid |
| solution that contains more hydronium ions | 8. Base |
| scale for comparing the relative concentration of hydronium ions and hydroxide ions in a solution (it ranges from 0-14) | 9. pH scale |
| chemical substances that neutralize small amounts of either an acid or a base added to a solution | 10. Buffer |
| made primarily of carbon atoms | 11. Organic Compound |
| mant carbon compounds are built up from smaller, simpler molecules | 12. Monomer |
| molecule that consists of repeated, linked units | 13. Polymer |
| monomers link to form polymers through a chemical reaction | 14. Condensation reaction |
| adenosine thiphosphate (cells the store a large amount of energy in their overall structure) | 15. ATP |
| organic compounds composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in a ratio of about one carbon atom to two hydrogen atoms in one oxygen atom | 16. Carbohydrate |
| monomer of a carbohydrate | 17. Monosaccaride |
| two monosaccharides can combine in a condensation reaction to form a double sugar | 18. Disaccaride |
| complex molecule composed of three or more monosaccharides | 19. Polysaccharide |
| organis compounds composed mainly of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen | 20. Protein |
| proteins are formed from the linkage of monomers | 21. Amino acid |
| two amino acids form a covalent bond | 22. Peptide bond |
| amino acids often form very long chains | 23. Polypeptide |
| RNA or protein molecules that act as biological catalysts | 24. Enzyme |
| reactant being catalyzed | 25. Substrate |
| folds in an enzyme | 26. Active Site |
| large nonpolar organic molecules | 27. Lipid |
| composed of four fused carbon rings with various functional groups attached to them | 28. Steroid |
| very large and complex organic molecules that store and transfer important information in a cell | 29. Nucleic acid |
| thousands of linked monomers | 30. Nucleotide |
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