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genetics
vocab ch.10
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| is a ubiquitous family of large biological molecules that perform multiple vital roles in the coding, decoding, regulation, and expression | rna |
| Uracil one of the four nucleobases in the nucleic acid of RNA that are represented by the letters A, G, C and U. The others are adenine, cytosine, and guanine. In RNA, uracil binds to adenine via two hydrogen bonds. | uracil |
| DNA Transcription biology.about.com › ... › Biology › Cell Biology › Cellular Processes DNA transcription is a process that involves the transcribing of genetic information from DNA to RNA | transcription |
| During translation, the mRNA transported to the cytoplasm is "de-coded" or "translated" to produce the correct order of amino acids in a protein.. Translation requires numerous enzymes. To know the full story, we need to look at two other RNA "Key Players | translation |
| RNA polymerase, also known as DNA-dependent RNA polymerase, is an enzyme that produces RNA. In cells, RNAP is necessary for constructing RNA chains using DNA genes as templates, a process called transcription. | rna polymerase |
| ssenger RNA (mRNA) is a large family of RNA molecules that convey genetic information from DNA to the ribosome, where they specify the amino acid | messenger rna |
| A codon is defined by the initial nucleotide from which translation starts. For example, the string GGGAAACCC, if read from the first position, contains the codons | codon |
| The genetic code is the set of rules by which information encoded within genetic material (DNA or mRNA sequences) is translated into proteins (amino acid ... | genitic code |
| Transfer RNA (abbreviated tRNA and archaically referred to as sRNA abbreviating soluble RNA) is an adaptor molecule composed of RNA, typically 73 to 93 ... | transfer rna |
| An anticodon is a unit made up of three nucleotides that correspond to the three bases of the codon on the mRNA. Each tRNA contains a specific anticodon | anticodon |
| Ribosomal ribonucleic acid (rRNA) is the RNA component of the ribosome, and is essential for protein synthesis in all living organisms | ribosomal rna |