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Science Ch 2
photosynthesis, respiration, cell division, cancer
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Interphase | Cell grows and makes copy of DNA |
| Prophase | Chromosomes and spindle fibers form; nuclear envelope breaks down |
| Metaphase | Chromosome line up across the center and detach to spindle fibers |
| Anaphase | Cemtromeres split, chromatins seperate and move to opposite ends of the cell |
| Telophase | Chromosomes stretch and get new nuclear envelope form around the chromosomes |
| Cytokinesis | Cell pinches in two; Two new daughter cells are made and they both have the same number of identical chromosomes. |
| Photosynthesis | The process by which a cell captures energy in sunlight and uses it to make food |
| Autotroph | An organism that makes its own food |
| Heterotroph | An organism that cannot make its own food. ex: zebra, lion |
| Pigments | Colored chemical compounds that absorb light |
| Chlorophyl | The main photosynthesis pigment in chloroplasts |
| Stomata | Small openings on the underside of a leaf, through which oxygen and carbon dioxide can move. |
| 6 CO2 + 6 H2O -------> C6H12O6 + 6 O2 = what? | Photosynthesis |
| Respiration | The process by which cells obtain energy from glucose |
| Fermentation | An energy-releasing process that does not require oxygen |
| Cell cycle | The regular sequence of growth and division that cells undergo |
| Mitosis | The stage during which the cell's nucleus divides into two new nuclei |
| Chromosomes | A doubled rod of condensed chromatin contains DNA that carries genetic information |
| Cytokinesis | final stage, completes the process of cell division |
| Cancer | A disease in which cells grow and divide uncontrollably, damaging the parts of the body around them |
| Mutation | the change in a gene or chromosome |
| Tumor | a mass of abnormal cells that develops when cancerous cells divide and grow uncontrollably |
| Chemotherapy | The use of drugs to treat a disease. |