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Respi Anatomy
Micro
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Function of nasal vestibule hairs? | Trap large particles. |
| What catches smaller particles in the nasal cavity? | Sticky respiratory epithelium. |
| 2 kinds of nasal cavity epithelia? | Respiratory and olfactory (upper third). |
| 2 bones that form the nasal septum? | Vomer and (perpendicular plate of) ethmoid. |
| 3 hyaline cartilages that form the nose? | Alar, septal, lateral nasal. |
| The space under the superior concha? | Superior meatus. |
| Blow-out fracture? | Fracture of the medial obit. |
| Lining of the nasal vestibule? | Stratified squamous epithelium. |
| Respiratory epithelium lines what features? | Nasal cavity, auditory tube, air sinuses, nasopharynx, lacrimal sac, larynx, trachea, and bronchi. |
| What is in the lamina propria, between epithelium and bone? | Arteries, distended veins (swell bodies), and mucoserous glands. |
| Describe respiratory epithelium. | Pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium. |
| Respiratory epithelium consists of what? | Ciliated cells which move mucous, goblet cells which produce mucous, small granule cells (endocrine), brush cells (sensory), basal cells (stem cells). |
| Describe olfactory epithelium. | Thick pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium with much olfactory nerve tissue. Lamina propria contains large veins (swell bodies) and olfactory (Bowman's) glands which release serous fluid to bind odor molecules. |
| Where is cuboidal epithelium found? | Bowman's glands and ducts. |
| Olfactory epithelium consists of what? | Bipolar nerve cells with an apical projection (olfactory vesicle) sprouting modified cilia that function as odor receptors; supporting cells with apical nuclei and microvilli; sensory brush cells; and basalar stem cells. |
| Name the paranasal sinuses. | Frontal, maxillary, ethmoid, and sphenoid (the only non-paired). |
| The space over the superior meatus? | Sphenoethmoidal recess. |
| What connects each nasal cavity to the nasopharynx? | Choanae. |
| Where does the sphenoid sinus drain? | Sphenoethmoidal recess. |
| Where do the posterior ethmoid air cells drain? | Superior meatus. |
| Where do the anterior and middle ethmoid air cells drain? | Ethmoid bulla, which is in the middle meatus. |
| Where do the Frontal and Maxillary sinuses drain? | Semilunar hiatus, which is in the middle meatus. |
| Where does the nasolacrimal duct drain? | Inferior meatus. |
| Where is the opening of the auditory tube? | Nasopharynx. |
| Why is the maxillary sinus a frequent site of infection? | Because of its superior-oblique angle of entry into the semilunar hiatus. |
| Which nerve innervates the frontal sinus? | Supraorbital nerve (branch of V1). |
| Which nerve innervates the sphenoid sinus and ethmoid air cells? | Branches of V1. |
| Which nerve innervates the maxillary sinus? | Infraorbital and superior alveolar nerves (branches of V2). Pressure from maxillary sinusitis can cause the perception of tooth and facial pain. |
| What replaces respiratory epithelium in the oropharynx and esophagus? | Non-keratinized stratified squamous epithelium, due to the higher impact nature of these areas. |