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Chapter 9 Biology
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| calorie | amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of 1 gram of water by 1 degree Celsius |
| cellular respiration | process that releases energy by breaking down glucose and other food molecules in the presence of oxygen |
| anaerobic | process that does not require oxygen |
| glycolysis | first set of reactions in cellular respiration in which a molecule of glucose is broken into two molecules of pyruvic acid |
| NAD+ | electron carrier involved in glycolysis |
| krebs cycle | second stage of cellular respiration in which pyruvic acid is broken down into carbon dioxide in a series of energy-extracting reactions |
| matrix | innermost compartment of the mitochondria |
| fermentation | process by which cells release energy in the absence of oxygen |
| where do organisms get energy? | organisms get energy they need from food |
| what is cellular respiration? | cellular respiration is the process that releases energy from food in the presence of oxygen |
| relationship between photosynthesis and cellular respiration? | photosynthesis removes carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, and cellular respiration puts it back. Photosynthesis releases oxygen into the atmosphere, and cellular respiration uses that oxygen to release energy from food. |
| what happens during the process of glycolysis? | during glycolysis, 1 molecule of glucose, a 6-carbon compound, is transformed into 2 molecules of pyruvic acid, a 3-carbon compound |
| what happens during the krebs cycle? | during the krebs cycle, pruvic acid is broken down into carbon dioxide in a series of energy-extracting reactions |
| how does the electron transport chain use high-energy electrons from glycolysis and the krebs cycle? | the electron transport chain uses the high-energy electrons from glycolysis and the krebs cycle to convert ADP into ATP |
| how much ATP dies cellular respiration generate? | together glycolysis, the krebs cycle, and the electron transport chain release about 36 molecules of ATP per molecule of glucose |
| how do organisms generate energy when oxygen is not available? | in absense of oxygen, fermentation releases energy from food molecules by producing ATP |
| how does the body produce ATP during different stages exercise? | for short, quick bursts of energy, the body uses ATP already in muscles as well as ATP made by lactic acid in fermentation |
Created by:
jlivera
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