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Science Ch 2 Vocab
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Chemical symbol | international symbols for each element consisting of one or two letters, such as O for oxygen and Na for sodium |
Chemical properties | characteristics that describe a substances ability to react chemically with other substances to form new products. |
Metals | elements that are typically hard, shiny, malleable, ductile and a good conductor of heat and electricity |
Non-metals | elements that are typically not shiny, malleable, ductile and poor a conductor of heat and electricity. Non - metals are usually gases or brittle solids at room temperature. |
Periodic table | a chart that organizes elements according to their physical and chemical properties. |
Atomic number | the number of protons in the nucleus of each a atom of an element. |
Atomic mass | The mass of an average atom of an element. |
atomic mass unit | the unit of measurement for atomic mass. |
Ion charge | an electric charge that forms on an atom when it gains or loses electrons. |
Ion | Any electrically charged atom. |
Multiple ion charge | Elements that can form ions in more than one way. |
Metalloids | elements that share some properties with metals and some properties with non- metals. |
Period | Each horizontal row in the periodic table. |
Chemical family | groups of elements arranged in vertical columns in the periodic table that have similar physical and chemical properties. |
Alkali metals | highly reactive and reactivity increases as you go down the group |
Alkaline earth metals | less reactive than the alkali metals but will burn in air if heated. They produce bright flames and are used in fireworks. |
Halogens | non-metals and are highly reactive. |
Noble gases | the most stable and unreactive elements in the periodic table. |
Bohr model | |
Chemical symbol | international symbols for each element consisting of one or two letters, such as O for oxygen and Na for sodium |
Chemical properties | characteristics that describe a substances ability to react chemically with other substances to form new products. |
Metals | elements that are typically hard, shiny, malleable, ductile and a good conductor of heat and electricity |
Non-metals | elements that are typically not shiny, malleable, ductile and poor a conductor of heat and electricity. Non - metals are usually gases or brittle solids at room temperature. |
Periodic table | a chart that organizes elements according to their physical and chemical properties. |
Atomic number | the number of protons in the nucleus of each a atom of an element. |
Atomic mass | The mass of an average atom of an element. |
atomic mass unit | the unit of measurement for atomic mass. |
Ion charge | an electric charge that forms on an atom when it gains or loses electrons. |
Ion | Any electrically charged atom. |
Multiple ion charge | Elements that can form ions in more than one way. |
Metalloids | elements that share some properties with metals and some properties with non- metals. |
Period | Each horizontal row in the periodic table. |
Chemical family | groups of elements arranged in vertical columns in the periodic table that have similar physical and chemical properties. |
Alkali metals | highly reactive and reactivity increases as you go down the group |
Alkaline earth metals | less reactive than the alkali metals but will burn in air if heated. They produce bright flames and are used in fireworks. |
Halogens | non-metals and are highly reactive. |
Noble gases | the most stable and unreactive elements in the periodic table. |
Bohr model | a diagram that shows how many electrons are in each shell surrounding the nucleus. |
Electron shells | the regions surrounding the nucleus of an atom. |
Valence electrons | The electrons in the outermost shell. |
Valence shell | the shell that contains the outermost electrons. |