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chapter 28
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| radiation | magnetic and electric disturbances traveling though space as waves |
| speed of light | |
| electromagnetic spectrum | range of energy wave from radiowaves to gamma rays. |
| radio waves | longest wave lengths. lowest frequency. lowest energy |
| microwaves | cell phones, oven |
| infrared radiation | suns heat. remote sensing |
| visible light | what we see. roy g biv red- longest violet- shortest |
| ultraviolet light | sun burn. can cause cancer. ozone layer stops light |
| x rays | through soft tissue. reflects off hard materials |
| gamma rays | cancer treatment. highest frequency highest energy shortest waves |
| frequency | the # of vibrations or waves that pass a point per second. |
| wavelength | the distance from the crest of one wave to the crest of the next wave. |
| benefits of telescopes | - detectors can be attached to observe all wave length of energy not just visible light. -telescopes bring more light to a focus than the human eye can allowing the observation of faint objects.- specialized equipment such as aphotographer which measures |
| refracting telescope | -use lenses to bring visible light into focus. - large telescopes are not being built today. objective lenses. magnifies by ip lenses |
| reflecting telescopes | bring visible light to focus with mirrors. -less expensive due to spin casting; make up majority in use today. |
| best sites for land based telescopes | high elevation. in desert in a remote location |
| interferometry | process of linking separate radio telescopes to act as one |
| hubble space telescope | in space. collects visible uv and infrared. |
| moon properties | bombarded by craters. low gravity. lowest escape velocity. no erosion. farther away than any other moon. 4.6 billion |
| albedo | amount of sunlight that the surface reflects |
| highlands | located at the rims of maria. named for earth's mountians lighter in color because they reflect sunlight. also heavy covered with craters. mountains cover 50% of front side of moon. |
| maria | named by galileo as he thought they were filled with water. made from ancient craters that were filled in by lava from volcanic eruptions creating plains. appear dark as they reflect little light. makeup 50% of the front side of the moon |
| impact craters | bowl shaped depressions formed from the impact of meteroiods. often named for greatest scholars like claris kepler and copernicus. most abundant feature. |
| ejecta | material blasted out during impact . |
| rays | bright streaks radiating out from some craters. made from shattered rock and dust splashed from meteoroids impact. |
| rilles | ridges on the moons surface. |
| regolith | ground up rock material varies in depth from one to twenty meters. made by the smashing impact of meteoroids. consists of rocks and minerals and grass beads. |
| simultaneous formation theory | the belief that moon and earth formed at the time with the same materials. |
| impact theory | a mars sized object 4.5 billion years ago. materials ejected into space, joined together and become the moon. |
| capture theory | during the solar system formation a large object was captured by earths gravity. |
| lunar period of revolution | 27.3 days |
| lunar period of rotation | 27.3 days |
| lunar month | the length of time it takes for the moon to got through a complete cycle of phases-from one full moon to the next. 29.5 days |
| why we always see the same side of moon | synchronous rotation- the moons orbit around the earth and its rotation on its axis are exactly the same period |
| ecliptic | plane of earths orbit about the sun |
| earths period of rotation | 24 hrs |
| summer solstice | on or about June 21. longest day of year 16 hrs day 8 hrs night. sun directly overhead of tropic of cancer. 24hrs light at north pole no light st south. tilted towards sun |
| winter solstice | on or about december 21, shortest day of year. 10 hrs day 14 hrs night. sun directly overhead of tropic of cancer. 24hrs light at south pole no at north |
| autumnal equinox | on or about September 23.12hrs day 12 hrs night. equal light everywhere on earth. sun directly overhead at equator. |
| vernal equinox | on or about march 21. 12 hrs day 12 hrs night. equal light everywhere on earth. sun directly overhead at equator. |
| equinox | equal nights |
| synchronous rotation | the moons orbit around the earth and its rotation on its axis are exactly the same period. |
| reason we have seasons | earths rotation |
| solar eclipse | when moon passes directly between the sun and the earth. |
| lunar eclipse | when the earth casts its shadow on the moon. |
| apogee | farthest point from earth in the moons orbit |
| perigee | moon closest to earth |
| cause of tides | mainly gravity from the moon and sun. |
| spring tides | 2 times a month. solar tides lunar tides at both the new and full moon direct alignments- sun earth and moon are aligned. |
| neap tides | smaller , wimpy tides- occurs at first quarter and last. |
| phases of the moons shapes | |
| position of moon phases | |
| reason for phases | |
| space telescopes | chandra spitzer |
| spinoff | technology developed in space program that now has common commercial uses |
| solar eclipse | the blocking of the disk of the sun by the moon |
Created by:
dk7
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