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Earth Sci Topic 5
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Condensation | the change in state or phase from a gas to a liquid, such as when water vapor changes to liquid water droplets as clouds form |
| conduction | the transfer of heat energy from atom to atom or molecule to molecule, in any state of matter, when vibrating atoms or molecules collide |
| convection | the transfer of heat energy by circulatory movements in a fluid (usually liquids or gases) that results from differences in density within the fluid |
| crystallization | a type of solidification in which molten rock (magma or lava) cools to form igneous rocks composed of mineral crystals |
| electromagnetic energy | energy that is radiated (given off) from all objects not at a temperature of absolute zero in the form of transverse waves from vibrating matter into any part 9f the universe; examples: visible light, radio waves, infrared radiation |
| electromagnetic spectrum | a model, such as a chart, that shows the full range of types of electromagnetic energy, usually in order of wavelengths |
| energy | the ability to do work |
| heat energy | energy that is transferred from one body to another as a result of a difference in temperature or thermal energy of two bodies; also called heat |
| joules | a unit of work or energy equal to the work done by a force of one newton acting through a distance of one meter |
| mechanical energy | all the energy of an object or system not related to the individual motions of atoms and molecules; the total of the potential and kinetic energy of an object or system |
| nuclear decay | radioactive decay; the natural spontaneous breakdown of the nucleus of unstable atoms into more stable atoms of the same or different elements; releasing energy and/or small subatomic particles |
| radiation | 1) the emission or giving off of energy in the form of electromagnetic energy 2) the method by which electromagnetic energy moves from place to place by way of transverse waves |
| solidification | the processes by which a liquid changes to solid, such as when molten rock (lava and magma) changes into igneous rock |
| specific heat | the quantity of heat, in calories, needed to raise the temperature of one gram of a substance one degree Celsius; the degree of difficulty a material offers to heating up or cooling off |
| temperature | a measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in a body of matter; a measure of how hot or cold a substance is |
| texture | 1) the roughness or smoothness of a surface 2) the size, shape, and arrangement of the mineral crystals, sediments, clasts, and glass that make up a rock |
| vaporization | evaporation,the change in state from liquid to a gas, such as liquid water to water vapor |
| wavelength | the distance between a point on a wave and the corresponding point on the next wave, such as the distance between 2 successive crests in an electromagnetic wave or an ocean wave |
Created by:
klkaufman
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