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cell stack
study cell vocabulary and concepts
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| all life is made of cells, cells carry out the 8 life processes, all cells arise from preexisting cells | cell theory |
| viruses and the first cell | exceptions to the cell theory |
| small, no nucleus, no membrane-bound organelles, bacteria | prokaryotic |
| larger, nucleus, many membrane-bound organelles | eukaryotic |
| found in fungi, bacteria, plants, and algae (plant-like protists); responsible for shape and protection of the cell | cell wall |
| a bilipid layer that surrounds the cytoplasm of cells; regulates what enters and exits the cell | cell membrane |
| the movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to a region of low concentration | diffusion |
| the difference in concentration of molecules between one region and another | concentration gradient |
| when molecules or substances are evenly dispersed between both sides of a membrane | equilibrium |
| diffusion of water | osmosis |
| has many dissolved substances compared to the cell; will cause water to exit a cell and make it shrivel | hypertonic solution |
| equal amounts of dissolved substances compared to the cell; will causes water to enter and leave the cell in equal amounts | isotonic solution |
| does not have as many dissolved substances compared to the cell; will cause water to enter a cell; the cell will swell | hypotonic solution |
| proteins create gated channels to allow larger particle to move through a cell | facilitated diffusion |
| energy is used to move molecules across a membrane. Substances could move from low to high concentrations | active transport |
| a form of bulk transport that brings large items into a cell using a vesicle | endocytosis |
| a form of bulk transport that allows large items to leave a cell using a vesicle | exocytosis |
| the endocytosis of another organism or a large item | phagocytosis |
| the endocytosis or many small items or liquids | pinocytosis |
| control center of the cell; responsible for cell division and metabolism and carries hereditary material | nucleus |
| makes ribosomes | nucleolus |
| hereditary material inside a nucleus | chromosomes (DNA) |
| synthesize proteins; often found on the endoplasmic reticulum | ribosomes |
| only in animal cells; responsible for cell division | centrioles |
| moves materials within in cell | endoplasmic reticulum |
| packages materials (especially proteins) to be sent out of a cell | Golgi body (apparatus) |
| produces usable energy for the cell from organic molecules | mitochondria |
| produces nutrients (glucose) by using sunlight; carries out photosynthesis (autotrophic cells only) | chloroplasts |
| the material that holds the organelles in place | cytoplasm |
| storage sacs within the cell | vacuole |
| responsible for digestion of a cell | lysosome |
| responsible for movement of a cell or maintenance of a cell | cilia/flagella |
| box-shaped, autotrophic, has chloroplasts, cell wall and a large central vacuole; no centrioles | plant cell |
| any shape, hetertrophic, has centrioles and many small vacuoles bu no chloroplasts or cell walls | animal cell |
Created by:
aeckert
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