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Unit 6

Part 3- the cell cycle

QuestionAnswer
cell cycle regular pattern of growth, DNA duplication, and cell division in eukaryotic cells
mitosis the division of the cell nucleus. includes Telophase, anaphase, metaphase, and prophase
cytokinesis division of the cell cytoplasm
karyokinesis division of the nucleus
Interphase majority of the cell cycle which includes gap 1, synthesis, and gap 2
Gap 1 Where a cell carries out its normal functions and meeting checkpoints to divide
Synthesis After G 1 a cell makes a copy of its nuclear DNA
Gap 2 After synthesis a cell carries out its normal functions and meets certain checkpoints to continue division
prophase The phase of mitosis where chromatin condenses,the nuclear envelope breaks down, the nucleolous disappears, centrioles and centrosomes go to opposite sides of the cell, and spindle fibers from centrioles radiate towards the center
metaphase phase of mitosis where spindle fibers attach centrioles to the centromere of each chromosome and chromosomes line up along the equator of the cell
annaphase phase of mitosis where the spindle fibers shorten pulling chromatids to opposite ends of the cell
telophase phase of mitosis where a complete set of chromosomes is at each end of the cell and nuclear membranes and nucleolouses start to form. also the chromosomes uncoil into chromatin.
chromosome A long string of DNA< each cell has 46
gene A section of DNA
histone A group of proteins that DNA wrap around
chromatin The loose combination of DNA and proteins
chromatid One-half of a chromosome
sister chromatid A chromatid similar to another
centromere A region of condensed chromosome that holds together sister chromatids
centrosome
centriole
spindle fiber
monad
dyad
metaphase plate
telomere caps on the ends ofchromatids
growth factor
apoptosis
cancer
tumor
benign
malignant
metastasize
carcinogen
asexual reproduction
binary fission
budding
fragmentation
prokaryote
eukaryote
unicellular organism
multicellular organism
tissue
organ
organ system
cell differentiation/cell specialization
stem cell
Created by: jbishop415
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