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Pharm Final CCC 105
Pharm Final CCC PN105
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| angioedema | swelling of nose, lips, and mouth; sign of allergic reaction and can coincide with anaphylaxis |
| adverse reaction | any noxious, unintended result from taking drug in appropriate dose |
| allergic reaction | immune response to drug ranging in intensity from mild itching to severe anaphylaxis |
| dosage | determination and regulation of size, frequency, and number of doses of medication to be given |
| dose | measured quantity to be administered at one time |
| enteral | by way of the intestines |
| idiosyncratic reaction | uncommon, unexpected, or individual drug response resulting from genetic predisposition |
| paradoxical reaction | causing an effect opposite of the intended effect |
| parenteral | route other than GI tract |
| side effect | any unintended and usually predictable result of taking drug in appropriate dose |
| syngerestic effect | increase in the effects of any or all of two or more drugs taken together |
| toxic effect | seriously adverse reaction |
| toxicity | adverse drug reaction caused by excessive dosing |
| tolerance | becoming tolerant to current dosage of medication requiring increased dosage to maintain same effects |
| withdrawl | physical symptoms due to discontinuation of mecication usually due to addiction |
| offers most direct and reliable method of administering medication while providing the most rapid absorption | patenteral route |
| disadvantages of parenteral routes | risk of infection, tissue damage, pain, and anxiety from patient |
| easiest and most often used parenteral route for administration | oral |
| medications given by oral route, local-systemic-both | both |
| medications applied to skin or instilled in eye/ear canal, local-systemic-both | local |
| medications given by transdermal patch, local-systemic-both | systemic |
| medications given by mucous membranes (sublingual, buccal, respiratory tract, vagina, rectum), local-systemic-both | both |
| when to not give by oral route | patient vomiting, decreased intestinal mobility, NPO, inability to swallow, NG tube |
| before giving oral medications, always check this | ability to swallow |
| patient position for oral medication route | sitting or side-lying position |
| medications to never be cut or crushed | sublingual, buccal, enteric coated, timed release |
| when giving liquid medication, measure based on __________ level | base of meniscus |
| when giving child liquid medication, use this method for less than 1tsp | oral dosing syringe or medicine spoon |
| patients at highest risk for toxicity due to changes in GI absorption | geriatric patients |
| types of topical medications | lotions, creams, ointments, patches, pastes |
| before giving topical medication, always check site for this | irritation and skin breakdown |
| enteric and timed release medications are broken down here | small intenstines |
| when giving a subq injections, use this method to measure depth | half the pinch |
| why to give enteric medication | gentler on stomach |
| sites for IM injections | deltoid, vastus lateralis, ventrogluteal |
| what to avoid when giving injection | lesions, trauma, inflammation, and bony prominescences |
| angle for IM insertion | 90 degrees |
| always check this when giving IM injections | aspirate for blood |
| landmarks for deltoid injection | acromion process and axillary line |
| landmarks for vastus lateralis injection | head of greater trochanter and knee |
| landmarks for ventrogluteal injection | head of greater trochanter and anterior superior iliac spine |
| never use dorsogluteal site for IM injection due to this | possible sciatic nerve damage |
| amount of medication for deltiod injection | up to 1ml |
| amount of medication for vastus lateralis injection, adults | up to 3ml |
| amount of medication for vastus lateralis injection, infants and small infants | 0.5ml-1ml |
| amount of medication for ventrogluteal injection, adults and teens | up to 3ml |
| amount of medication for ventrogluteal injection, toddler and ages 3+ | 2-3ml |
| amount of medication for ventrogluteal injection, infants and small infants | 0.5ml-1ml |
| where to give intradermal injection | inner forearm and upper back |
| amount of medication for intradermal injection | 1ml or less |
| angle to give intradermal injection | 5-15 degrees |
| where to give subq injection | large areas that are easiest for patient to reach; upper outer arm, abdomen (2" from umbilicus), anterior thighs, scapula, upper ventrodorsal gluteal |
| amount of medication for subq injection | 1ml or less |
| angle for subq injection | 45-90 degrees |
| steps of nursing process | assessment, diagnosis, planning, implementation, evaluation |
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