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Sociology
Chapter 1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Sociology | The scientific studyof socicety and human behaviour |
| Science | The systematic methods used to obtain knowledge and the knowledge obtained by those methods |
| C. Wright Mills | Known for Sociological Imagination |
| Sociological Imagination | Sociological Vision of of the way of looking at the world that allows Links between the apparently private problems of the individual and important social roles |
| Mills | "The sociological imagination or perspective enables us to grasp the connection between history and biography" |
| Macrosociology | Focuses on the broad features of society |
| Microsociology | Emphasize social interaction, or what people do when they come together |
| ie/ Macro | Social class and patriarchy |
| ie/ Micro | Survival strategies of homeless people |
| What are the goals of science? | Explain why something happens Make generalizations Make predictions |
| Auguste Comte | Father of Sociology - used scientific method |
| Karl Marx | Burgeoisie vs Proletariat (rich) vs (working class) |
| Emile Durkheim | Fought to see Sociology recognized as a seperate academic discipline Social Integration vs Suicide |
| 3 types of Suicide: | Egoistic Altruistic Anomic |
| Egoistic Suicide | No strong ties to anyone/thing |
| Altruistic Suicide | Suicide performed after loss of partner |
| Anomic Suicide | Loss of all their $ causes suicide (self worth based on material possessions) |
| Max Weber | Rise of Capitalism - wanted sociology to be "value free, objective, and replicatable" |
| Value Free | Understand human behaviour and info can be -Used by anyone for any purpose |
| Not Value Free | Investigate harmful social arrangements (who decides what is harmful -Used to reform society |
| Verstehen | To understand |
| Social facts (Durkheim) | Patterns of behaviour that characterize a social group |
| The woman's role: | Kirche, Kuchen, Kinder, Kleider (church, cooking, children, clothes) |
| Harriet Martineau | known for translating Comte from french to English |
| What did Harriet Martineau write? | Society in America |
| What was the Quiet Revolution in Quebec? | Separatism movement (make our own mini-France) |
| Political party in Quebec that supports the Seperatist movement? | Parti Quebecois |
| Where did many U.S sociologists move to? | Canada |
| British Sociology | University of Toronto |
| U.S Sociology | McGill University |
| Wallace Clement & William Carroll | Canada's Corporate Structure and role in globalization |
| Margaret Eichler | Nonsexist research methods |
| Dorothy Smith | Study of feminist theory (especially the everyday work world of men and women) |
| Symbolic Interactionism | Studies specific behaviours of interacting individuals caught in identifiable face-to-face social settings or encounters Emphasizes symbols (things we attacch meaning to) as the basis of social life |
| Functional Analysis | View society as a unit, made up of interrelated parts that work together as a unit "the whole is greater than the sum of its parts" |
| Burgeoisie | Own means of production (the rich) |
| Proletariat | The mass of workers |
| Conflict Theory | Karl Marx |
| Feminist Theories | Marxist Liberal Radical |
| Marxist Feminist Theory | Class and economic position explain gender inequality |
| Liberal Feminist Theory | Legal restraints and Customs |
| Radical Feminist Theory | Patriarchy oppresses women |
| Modernity | Describes a society which had emerged from feudalism and was characterized by change, collective action, reason adn progess - Max Weber |
| Postmodernity | A rejection of modernity, a recognition of diversity, an emphasis on symbols and discourse analysis |
| What does Postmodernism entail? | Modernity vs Postmodernity |
| Major criticism of Postmodernism | Views society as a closed system -some images, symbols and signs given more importance than others -lacks a theoretical analysis power |
| Queer Theory | Challanges all notions of fixed identities |
| Critical Race Theory | A multi-Disciplinary examination of the social construction of race and race identity; the reality of racial discrimination |
| Derrick Bell | Lawyer and Executive Director of NAACP |
| Which theories fall under Macro-Level Analysis? | Conflict Theory Functional Theory Critical Race Theory |
| Which theory falls under Micro-Level Analysis? | Symbolic Interactionism Post Modernism Queer Theory |
| Which theories can fall under Macro & Micro Level Analysis? | Feminist Theory Postmodernism |
| What are the 3 phases of Sociology? | -Reform -Establish sociology as a respected field of knowledge -Merge Sociological knowledge and practical work to bring about social change |
| Pure (basic) Sociology | Research and theory aimed at making discoveries about life in human groups |
| Applied Sociology | The blending of sociological knowledge and practical results |
| Clinical Sociology | Deals with specific problems for particular organizations |