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Ch.5

vocab

Vocab wordDefinition
cell cycle pattern of growth, DNA replication, and cell division that occurs in a eukariotic cell
mitosis process by which a cell divides its nucleus and contents
cytokinesis process by which the cell cytoplasm divides
chromosome long, continuous thread of DNA that consists of numerous genes and regulatory info
histone protein that organnizes chromosomes and around which DNA wraps
chromatin loose combonation of DNA and protiens that is present during interphase
chromatid 1/2 of a duplicated chromosome
centromere region of condensed chromosome that looks pinched; where spindle fibers attach during meiosis and mitosis
telomere repeating nucleotide at the ends of DNA molocules that do not form genes and help prevent the loss of genes
prophase 1st phase of mitosis: -chromatin condenses -the nuclear envolope breaks down -the nucleolus dissappears -the centrosomes and centrioles migrate to oposite side of the cell
metaphase 2nd phase of mitosis: spindle fibers align the chromosomes along the cell equator
anaphase 3rd phase of mitosis: -chromatids separate and move to opposite sides of the cell
telophase 4th phase of mitosis: -there's a complete set of identical chromosomes(positioned at opposite sides of the cell- w/the centioles) -nuclear membranes start to form -chromosomes begin to uncoil -spindle fiber begin to dissaseble
growth factor broad group of protiens that stimulate cell division
apoptosis programmed cell death
cancer common name for a class of diseases characterized by uncontrolled cell division
benign having no dangerous effect on health, especially reffering to an abnormal growth of cells that are not cancerous
malignant cancerous tumor in which cells break away and spread to other parts of the body, causing harm to the organism's health
metastize to spread by transferring a diseas-causing agent from the site of the disease to other parts of the body
carcinogen substance that produces or promotes the development of cancer
asexual reproduction where offspring are produced from a single parent
binary fission asexual reproduction in which a cell divides into 2 equal parts
tissue group of cells that work together to perform a similar function
organ group of diff types of tissues that work together to perform a specific function or related functions
organ system 2+ organs that work in a coordinated way to carry out similar functions
cell differentation processes by which unspecialized cells develop into their mature form and function
stem cell cell that can divide for long periods of time while remaining undifferentiated
Created by: studyingat
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