the simplest type of passive transfusion. diffusion in the movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration.

concentration gradient

the difference in concentration of molecules across a distance.

when the concentration of molecules will be the same throughout the space the molecules occupy.

the proccess by which water molecules diffuse across a cell membrane from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration.

when the concentration of solute molecules outside the cell is lower than the concentration in the cytosol.

when the concentration of solute molecules outside the cell is higher than the concentration in the cytosol.

when the concentrations of the solutes outside and inside the cell are equal. (the outside solution is said to be isotonic to the inside solution.)

the pressure that water molecules exert against the cell wall.

the condition in which water leaves the cells through osmosis in a hypertonic environment and the cells shrink away from the cell walls and turgor pressure is lost.

another type of passive transport that is used for molecules that cannot readily diffuse through cell membranes, even when there is a concentration gradient across the membrane.

specific proteins of the membrane that assist in the movement of molecules that are not soluble in lipids, etc.

another type of transport that involves membrane proteins.

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Vocabulary 5.1

Terms for chapter 5 section 1: Modern Biology

Question	Answer
diffusion	the simplest type of passive transfusion. diffusion in the movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration.
concentration gradient	the difference in concentration of molecules across a distance.
equilibrium	when the concentration of molecules will be the same throughout the space the molecules occupy.
osmosis	the proccess by which water molecules diffuse across a cell membrane from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration.
hypotonic	when the concentration of solute molecules outside the cell is lower than the concentration in the cytosol.
hypertonic	when the concentration of solute molecules outside the cell is higher than the concentration in the cytosol.
isotonic	when the concentrations of the solutes outside and inside the cell are equal. (the outside solution is said to be isotonic to the inside solution.)
contractile vacuoles	organelles that remove water.
turgor pressure	the pressure that water molecules exert against the cell wall.
plasmolysis	the condition in which water leaves the cells through osmosis in a hypertonic environment and the cells shrink away from the cell walls and turgor pressure is lost.
cytolysis	the bursting of cells.
faciliated diffusion	another type of passive transport that is used for molecules that cannot readily diffuse through cell membranes, even when there is a concentration gradient across the membrane.
carrier proteins	specific proteins of the membrane that assist in the movement of molecules that are not soluble in lipids, etc.
ion channels	another type of transport that involves membrane proteins.

Created by: DouglasI16

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