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chapter 11 terms bio
freshman bio 11 terms
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| acetylcholine | a neurotransmitter; it carries nerve impulses from a neuron to a muscle |
| adrenal gland | a gland on top of each kidney that regulates the removal of water from the body and the response to stress |
| auxin | a plant hormone that encourages growth |
| axon | the part of a neuron that transmits signals away from the cell body |
| cell body | the main part of a cell, such as a neuron, that contains the nucleus |
| central nervous system | the brain and nerve cords (invertebrates); the brain and spinal cord (vertebrates); controls receptors, glands, and muscles |
| dendrite | the portion of a neuron that receives signals and transmits them to the cell body |
| endocrine system | the glands that communicate with each other and affect other parts of the body by secreting hormones into the bloodstream |
| hypothalamus | region in the brain that controls the release of hormones from the pituitary and helps maintain homeostasis in the neuroendocrine system |
| interneuron | a neuron that connects the sensory neuron to the motor neuron |
| motor neuron | a neuron that transmits nerve impulses from the central nervous system (brain and spinal cord) to the effectors (muscles) |
| nerve impulse | a signal that is transmitted along and between neurons |
| neuroendocrine system | the combined nervous and endocrine systems; regulates homeostasis in the body and response to the environment |
| neuron | in animals, the cell that transmits nerve impulses to other neurons and to other types of cells |
| neurotransmitter | a chemical that transmits nerve impulses between a neuron and another cell, usually another neuron |
| peripheral nervous system | the cranial nerves and spinal nerves; controls reflexes and involuntary responses, and helps maintain homeostasis |
| pituitary gland | tiny gland in the skull that regulates the functioning of other endocrine glands by releasing hormones |
| protein hormones | a group of hormones that are made up of protein |
| response | an organism’s reaction to a stimulus; can be inborn or learned |
| sensory neuron | a neuron that transmits nerve impulses from receptors to the central nervous system (brain and spinal cord) |
| sensory receptor | a specialized structure that receives nerve impulses and then transmits messages to the neurons |
| streoid hormones | a group of hormones that is formed from cholesterol |
| stimulus | (plural, stimuli) an event, change, or condition in the environment that causes an organism to make a response |
| synapse | the space between the end brush of one neuron and the dendrites of the next, across which the nerve impulse (message) travels |
Created by:
h.weinstock
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