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BiologyNC EOC review
Dixon Biology EOC Review
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Tropism | Irreversible Plant Movement |
| Phototropism | Plant response to light |
| Commensalism | One organism benefits the other is Unaffected |
| Camouflage | Protective behavior where an organism blends in/hides itself within its environment |
| Convergent Evolution | Unrelated organisms becoming more alike |
| Anaerobic | Without oxygen present |
| Nastic Movement | Reversible plant movement |
| Asexual | Reproduction where the parent cell produces 2 identical daughter cells |
| Herbivore | Eats only plants |
| Cellular Respiration | Complete breakdown of Glucose to form CO2,and Water. With ATP being the goal |
| Plantae | Multicellar, non-motile, autotrophic |
| Heterotrophic | Having to find nourishment from an outside source |
| Antigen | Substance that caused the production of antibodies |
| Conditioned Response | Learning a type of behavior by association |
| Genetic Engineering | Manipulation of genes |
| Protein | Most abundant organic molecule, consisting of long chains of amino acids |
| Homozygous | Having like alleles |
| Protista | Plant-Like, animal Like, and Fungus like organisms |
| Aerobic | With Oxygen Present |
| Abiotic | Nonliving aspects of an Ecosystem. I.E. Temperature and rocks |
| Homolougous | Similar structures different functions. |
| DNA | Codes for Protein. Double Helix. Deoxyribonucleic acid |
| Trial & Error | How you learn to ride a bike |
| ATP | Energy Currency of the cell. Made in the Mitochondria. |
| Evolution | Explains the diversity of life. |
| Alcoholic | Fermentation that occurs in yeast. (No oxygen) |
| Auxin | Hormone that causes plant growth |
| Amino Acid | Basic Building blocks of proteins. Peptide bonds hold them together. 20 different |
| Hormones | Substance produced by endocrine glands; helps control body functions |
| Test Cross | Used to determine if an organism is heterozygous or homozygous dominant |
| Binary Fission | Splitting to form two identical bacteria cells |
| Punnett Square | Used to determine genotype and Phenotype ratios |
| Allele | Different forms of the same gene |
| Crossing Over | Homologous Chromosomes exchanging genetic material during meiosis. Increases genetic diversity |
| Lipid | Organic Molecule: Waxes, fats, oils. Long term energy storage |
| Antibodies | Produced by the body to fight off infection. |
| Herterozygous | Having different copies of the alleles. |
| Metabolism | All the processes and activities in a cell |
| Biogenesis | Life only comes from life. |
| Autosomes | Chromosomes that are not sex chromosomes. 22 out of the 23 pairs. |
| Chloroplast | Organelle the performs the process of Photosynthesis |
| Lactic Acid | Fermentation that occurs in animal cells. Produces lactic acid as a waste product. That makes muscles sore when you workout. |
| Omnivore | Organisms that eat both plants and animals |
| Hypothesis | Temporary Explanation for a set of observations |
| Reflex | Uncontrolled response to stimulus |
| Behavior | Response of an animal to an environmental stimulus |
| Prokaryotic | Lacking a nucleus and membrane bound organelles. |
| Mitochondria | Site of cellular respiration. Which is the breaking down of Glucose to make ATP. Power factory of a cell |
| Zygote | Fertilized egg cell |
| Speciation | Formation of a species from a pre-existing species |
| Cell Theory | All organisms are composed of cells: cells are the basic unit of life: Cells come from other cells |
| Meiosis | Cell reproduction That results in cells with half the normal number of chromosomes. Makes genetically diverse sex cells. |
| Archaebacteria & Eubacteria | Bacteria Kingdoms and they are all Prokaryotic |
| Golgi Apparatus (Body) | Packaging and distributing organelle. Like UPS |
| Eukaryotic | Containing membrane bound organelles and a nucleus |
| Leucocytes | White blood cells that help with the immune system |
| Fungi | multicellular decomposers |
| Conjugation | Bacteria sex. Very primitive sexual reproduction |
| Parasitism | One organism benefits the other is harmed |
| Glycolysis | Begining step of cell respiration. Anaerobic, and makes 2 net ATP's |
| Binomial Nomenclature | Two Part naming system made up of the genus and the species. |
| Virus | Particle made of protein and nucleic acid. Not considered living |
| Animalia | Eucaryotic, multicellular, motile, Heterotrophic |
| Gene | Basic unit of heredity |
| RNA | Ribonucleic acid, there are 3 types. mRNA, rRNA, and tRNA |
| Natural Selection | Survival of the "fittest" basically whoever gets to reproduce the most will pass on the trait which allows them to reproduce more. Eventually the population will change. |
| Biome | Geographical area with characteristic vegetation. The vegetation is a result of the climate |
| Nucleotide | Made up of a phosphate, sugar and a nitrogen base. These chained together make up RNA and DNA |
| ER or endoplasmic reticulum | Organelle that is the site of chemical reactions: may be smooth or rough(covered in Ribosomes |
| Carbohydrates | Sugars, used as a quick source of energy in the body. Saccharides and "OSE" mean that the molecule is a sugar |
| autotrophic | Self-Feeding. They are also called producers |
| Stimulus | Anything that causes a response. Light, temperature, chemicals, touch ect. |
| Mitosis | Cell reproduction that results in two cells identical to the parent cell. Both cells will be Diploid. Can also be thought of as asexual reproduction |
| Ribosome | Site of protein synthesis. A factory for Protein. |
| Camouflage | Protective behavior where an organism blends into their environment. |
| Divergent Evolution | Related organisms becoming less and less alike. Eventually could end up as separate species. |
| Nucleus | Control center of the cell because it holds all the DNA that codes for protein. The proteins that are made will dictate what jobs get done in the cell. |
| Codon | Group of three Nucleotides. The 3 together will dictate which amino-acid goes onto the protein |
| Plasma Membrane | Controls what goes into and out of a cell. Regulates waste removal and bringing in nutrients. Needs a high Surface area to volume ratio for cell to function. This is why cells are very small. |
| Carnivore | eats only meat |
| Photosynthesis | Produces sugars from CO2 and H2O when sunlight is present. |
| Diffusion | Movement of ions form High concentration to low. Think of a ball rolling down a hill. No energy required |
| Mutualism | Both organisms benefit for the relationship. Think of bees and flowers. They both need each other to survive. |
| Nucleic Acids | One of the 4 organic molecules we focused on this year. RNA and DNA are the two Types |
| Cell | Basic unit of life. You cannot be less than a cell and be considered a living organism |
| Symbiosis | Living in close association. Mutualism is an example of one. |
| Osmosis | Diffusion of water. No energy required. Water will move too the the high concentration of solutes. "Solutes Suck" |
Created by:
danielodell
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