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Bio Ch 8-9
Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Reactants of LDR | Light, H2O, ADP, NADP+ |
| Products of LDR | O2, ATP, NADPH |
| Reactants of calvin Cycle | CO2, ATP, NADPH |
| Products of calvin cycle | glucose |
| location of LDR | thylakoid membrane |
| location of calvin cycle | stroma |
| LDR step 1 (overview) | chlorophyll in photosystem II absorbs sunlight Hi E electrons pass thru ETC |
| LDR step 2 (electron replacement process) | enzymes in t.m break up H2O molecules oxygen released, electrons replace ones lost to ETC, H+ ions to t.m |
| LDR step 3 (passing thru ETC) | HI E electron pass thru ETC to photosystem I along the way electron carriers use E to transport H+ ions across membrane |
| LDR Step 4 (reenergize electrons and make NADPH) | photosystem I absorbs light and reenergizes electrons NADP+ + high E electrons + H+ ions --> NADPH |
| LDR STEP 5 (making ATP) | Difference in charges across membrane provides energy H+ ions pass thru ATP synthase, spins, binds ADP to phosphate = ATP |
| CAlvin Cycle Step 1 (CO2 enters) | CO2 molecules enter, combine with 5-c molecules ->many 3-c molecules |
| Calvin Cycle Step 2 (Energy Input) | energy released for conversion ATP --> ADP NADPH --> NADP+ |
| Calvin cycle Step 3 (making glucose) | two 3-c molecules combine to make a 6-c sugar (glucose) |
| CALVIN cycle STEp 4 (5-c molecule remade) | 5-c molecules made again from leftovers ATP --> ADP |
| DEf fermentation | is when ATP released from glucose w/out using oxygen |
| Lactic Acid Fermentation formula | pyruvic acid + NADH --> lactic acid + NAD+ |
| Alcoholic fermentation formula | pyr acid + NADH --> alcohol + CO2 + NAD+ |
| What happens in Glycolysis (3 things) | 1 glucose molecule broken into 2 pyruvic acid molecules, NAD+ --> NADH, net 2 ATP produced |
| Krebs Cycle Step 1 (making acetyl-CoA) | pyruvic acid enters mitochondria, 1 carbon removed, CO2 released leftover 2-c molecule + Coenzyme A = acetyl-CoA |
| Krebs Cyle Step 2 (making citric Acid) | Acetyl-CoA + 4-c molecule = citric acid (6-c molecule) |
| Krebs cycle Step 4 (break down citric acid) | citric acid -> 5-c molecule-->4-c (2 CO2 released) (NAD+ -> NADH) (ADP --> ATP) (FAD --> FADH2) |
| KREBS Cycle Step 5 (move on + recycle) | Electron carriers NADH and FADH2 take hi E electrons to ETC 4-c molecule reused to make more citric acid |
| ETC Step 1 (start) | NADH and FADH2 bring hi E electrons |
| ETC Step 2 (end of chain) | oxygen is final electron acceptor O2 + electrons + H+ ions form water w/out oxygen, chain can't function |
| ETC Step 3 (h+ movement and charges) | Each pair of electrons that move down ETC moves H+ ions across membrane. Intermembrane space is +, matrix is - |
| ETS Step 4 (making ATP) | H+ ions go thru ATP synthase into matrix, it binds ADP to phosphate, ATP formed |
| Total ATP produced in glycolysis: | 2 ATP |
| Total ATP produced in cellular respiration: | 36 ATP |
Created by:
mhaq.16
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