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Pharm drugs
Prefix aand suffix of drugs
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| -actone aldactone, spironolactone | Potassium sparing diuretic. |
| -afil sildenafil (viagra); tadalafil (cialis); vardenafil (levitra) | phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibitor: augments effects of nitric oxide released during stimulation causing blood to corpus cavernosum for penile erection; for erectile dysfunction |
| -ane cyclohexane, ethane, flourane | general anesthetics. |
| -artan | ARB A2RB (angiotensin 2 receptor blocker) used for HTN. |
| -ase eminase, retavase, streptokinase | thrombolytic (clot busters) |
| -asone betamethasone; dexamethasone; fluticasone; mometasone | corticosteroid |
| -azosin doxazosin (Cardura), prazosin (Minipress), terazosin (Flomax,Alfuzosin (Uroxatral) | alpha blocker; blocks receptors hormone norepinephrine (noradrenaline) in arteries & smooth muscle. Relaxes blood vessels increase blood flow & lower BP HTN, enhances urinary flow in prostatic hypertrophy (enlarged prostate). affinity to Mu receptor. |
| -azole butoconazole, econazole, fluconazole | antifungal. |
| -bicin doxorubicin; epirubicin; idarubicin; valrubicin | antineoplastic; cytotoxic agent |
| -barbital, -bital butabarbital; butalbital; phenobarbital; secobarbital, pentobarbital, amobarbital | barbiturate (sedative, hypnotics) |
| -caine cocaine, bupivacaine; lidocaine; mepivacaine; prilocaine; proparacaine; xylocaine | local anesthetic , numbing agent |
| -calci- calciferol, calcitrol, ergocalciferol | calcium supplements with Vitamin D. |
| cef-, ceph- cefaclor; ceftibuten; cefdinir; cefadroxil; cefixime; cefprozil; cephalexin; cephraprin;cephradine | cephalosporin antibiotic |
| -cillin amoxicillin; ampicillin; dicloxacillin; nafcillin; oxacillin | penicillin antibiotic, for bacterial infection |
| -cort- (-olone, -sone) clocortolone; fludrocortisone; hydrocortisone | corticosteroid |
| -cycline demeclocycline; doxycycline; minocycline; tetracycline | tetracycline antibiotic, for bacterial infection |
| -dazole albendazole; mebendazole; metronidazole; tinidazole; nitroimidazole | anthelmintic; antibiotic; antibacterial |
| -dipine amlodipine; felodipine; nifedipine; nimodipine; nisoldipine; isradipine | calcium channel blocker: Reduces peripheral vascular resistance by systemic vasodilation. |
| -dronate alendronate; etidronate; ibandronate; risedronate | bisphosphonate; bone resorption inhibitor |
| -eprazole esomeprazole; omeprazole; rabeprazole | proton pump inhibitor (PPI) |
| -fenac bromfenac; diclofenac; nepafenac | NSAID |
| -floxacin ciprofloxacin; levofloxacin; moxifloxacin; ofloxacin; gatifloxacin | fluoro-quinolone antibiotics for bacterial infection broad spectrum, targets bacteria DNA gyrase and inhibits DNA synthesis |
| -gliptin saxagliptin; sitagliptin; linagliptin | antidiabetic; inhibitor of the DPP-4 enzyme |
| -glitazone pioglitazone; rosiglitazone; troglitazone | antidiabetic; thiazolidinedione |
| -ine amphetamine, caffiene, terbutaline, theophylline | Stimulants |
| -iramine brompheniramine; chlorpheniramine; pheniramine | antihistamine |
| -itidine | H2 antagonist, used for allergies as histamine blocker; Blocks action of histamine on parietal cells in the stomach, decrease action production. Treats Dyspepsia. -lamide acetazolamide; brinzolamide; dorzolamide; methazolamide |
| -lax Exlax, Ducolax | laxative; increases perstalsis stimunlating nerve in colon wall onset 15-60 minutes. induce bowel movement, loosen stool, treat constipation. |
| -mab adalimumab; daclizumab; infliximab; omalizumab; trastuzumab | monoclonal antibody |
| -mustine carmustine; estramustine; lomustine; bendamustine | alkylating agent (antineoplastic) |
| -mycin, -micin, -romycin azithromycin; clarithromycin; clindamycin; erythromycin; gentamicin | antibiotic; antibacterial: ( -romycin: macrolide), aminoglycoside antibiotics |
| -nacin darifenacin; solifenacin | muscarinic antagonist (anticholinergic) |
| -nazole, azole fluconazole; ketoconazole; miconazole; terconazole | antifungal |
| -olol, -lol atenolol (tenormin); metoprolol; nadolol (corgard); pindolol; propranolol (inderal); timolol | beta1 andrenergic blocker : binds B1 receptors in heart, arteries & arterioles block response sympathetic impulses ↓HR & CO by artery dilated. For HTN, arrhythmia, glaucoma & migraine brnkospasm & bradycardia)BP <90/60, Pulse <50 no admin, caution w/COPD |
| -olone fluocinolone; fluorometholone; prednisolone; triamcinolone | corticosteroid |
| -olone nandrolone; oxandrolone; oxymetholone | anabolic steroid |
| -onide budesonide; ciclesonide; desonide; fluocinonide; halcinonide | corticosteroid |
| -oprazole, -prazole dexlansoprazole; lansoprazole; pantoprazole | proton pump inhibitor (PPI), anti ulcer |
| -pam, benzo- diazepam, lorazepam | Benzodiazepines (Benzos), anxiolytics: antidepressants for psych, treating sleep, sedation, anxiety, muscle spasms, prevent seizures |
| parin; -parin enoxaparin; fondaparinux; heparin; tinzaparin | antithrombotic; anticoagulant (blood thinner) |
| -phylline aminophylline; dyphylline; oxtriphylline; theophylline | xanthine derivative (bronchodilator) |
| -pramine clomipramine; desipramine; imipramine; trimipramine | tricyclic antidepressant (TCA) |
| pred; pred- loteprednol; prednicarbate; prednisolone; prednisone | corticosteroid, antiinflammatory |
| -pril benazepril (Lotensin); captopril (capoten); enalapril (vasotec); lisinopril (prinivil, zestril); moexipril; ramipril | ACE1 inhibitor (angio converting enzyme inhibitor), lowers BP by blocking the conversion of angiotensin 1 to a-tensin II, prevents vasoconstriction, ↓aldosterone production & fluid retention, ↓circulating fluid volume,for HTN, CHF, CRF (renal failure). |
| -profen fenoprofen; flurbiprofen; ibuprofen; ketoprofen | NSAID, antiinflammatory non selective: also COX 2 inhibitor celecoxib (celebrex)& oral/parental ketorolac (toradol) |
| -quine chloroquine, hydroxychloroquine, mefloquine | antiparasitics. |
| -razole | Proton pump inhibitor Reduces gastric acid production, used for GERD. |
| Rifa- rifamate, rifampin, rifapentine, rifater | Antituberculars. |
| -sartan candesartan; irbesartan; losartan (cozaar); olmesartan(Benicar); valsartan | angiotensin II receptor antagonist; ARB: angiotensin II receptor blocker: lowers BP by blocking the binding of angiotensin II which prevents vaso constriction. |
| -semide furosemide(Lasix); torsemide | loop diuretic (water pill): lowers BP by reducing reabsorption of sodium and water by kidneys lowering circulating fluid volume: mobilizes edematous fluid reducing preload (pulmonary venous pressure). |
| -setron alosetron; dolasetron; granisetron; ondansetron; palonosetron | serotonin 5-HT3 receptor antagonist |
| -setron dolasetron; granisetron; ondansetron; palonosetron | antiemetic and antinauseant |
| -sone prednisone, cortisone, dexamethasone | corticosteroids antiinflammatories |
| -statin, -vastatin atorvastatin; lovastatin; pravastatin; rosuvastatin; simvastatin | HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor; statins lowers lipids & cholesterol |
| -stigmine neostigmine, physostigmine, pryridostigmine | cholinergics |
| -stine carmustine, lomustine, vinblastine, vincristine | antineoplastics:anti tumor. |
| sulfa-, sulf sulfacetamide; sulfadiazine; sulfamethoxazole; sulfasalazine; sulfisoxazole | sulfonamides antibiotic; anti-infective; anti-inflammatory |
| -tadine cyproheptadine; desloratadine; loratadine; olopatadine | antihistamine |
| -tadine amantadine; rimantadine | antiviral; anti-influenza-A |
| -terol albuterol; arformoterol; formoterol; levalbuterol; salmeterol | beta agonist; bronchodilators |
| -thiazide chlorothiazide; hydrochlorothiazide; methyclothiazide, benzthiazide | thiazide diuretic (water pill); Potassium wasting diuretic; lowers BP by reducing reabsorption of sodium and water by kidneys lowering circulating fluid volume |
| -tidine cimetidine, famotidine, nizatidine, ranitidine | H2 receptor antagonist (antiulcer agnet) |
| -tinib crizotinib; dasatinib; erlotinib; gefitinib; imatinib | antineoplastic (kinase inhibitor) |
| -trel desogestrel; etonogestrel; levonorgestrel; norgestrel | female hormone (progestin) |
| tretin-; tretin; -tretin acitretin; alitretinoin; isotretinoin; tretinoin | retinoid; dermatologic agent; form of vitamin A |
| -triptan almotriptan; eletriptan; rizatriptan; sumatriptan; zolmitriptan, naratriptan, rizatriptan | antimigraine; selective 5-HT receptor agonist |
| -tyline amitriptyline; nortriptyline; protriptyline | tricyclic antidepressant (TCA) |
| vir; -vir abacavir; efavirenz; enfuvirtide; nevirapine; ritonavir; tenofovir | antiviral; anti-HIV |
| vir; -vir adefovir; entecavir; ribavirin (along with interferon) | antiviral; anti-hepatitis |
| -vir, -cyclovir acyclovir; famciclovir; penciclovir; valacyclovir | antiviral; anti-herpes |
| -vir cidofovir; ganciclovir; valganciclovir | antiviral; anti-CMV |
| -vir oseltamivir; zanamivir | antiviral; anti-flu |
| -vudine lamivudine; stavudine; telbivudine; zidovudine | antiviral; nucleoside analogues |
| -zepam, -pam clonazepam; diazepam; flurazepam; lorazepam; temazepam | benzodiazepine |
| -azine chlorpromazine, perphenazine, prochlorperazine | Phenothiazines (antipsychotics, antiemetics) |
| -zodone nefazodone, trazodone, vilazodone | antidepressant |
| -zolam alprazolam; estazolam; midazolam; triazolam | benzodiazepine |
| -zoline oxymetazoline (afrin, dristan, vicks, sinex visine LR, zicam, sudafed OM), zylometazoline | topical OTC nasal decongestants is an alpha 1 agonist, partial alpha 2 agonist |
| -zosin alfuzosin; doxazosin; prazosin; terazosin | alpha blocker |
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larue10510
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