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Chapters 1 & 2 mp
exam study
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| 4 characteristics of living things | living things have an orderly structure, produce offspring, grow and develop, and adjust to changes in the environment |
| organization | orderly structure of cells in an organism; a characteristic of all living things |
| reproduction | production of offspring by an organism; a characteristic of all living things |
| species | group of organisms that can interbreed and produce fertile offspring in nature |
| growth | increase in the amount of living material and formation of new structures in an organism; a characteristic of all living things |
| development | all of the changes that take place during the life of an organism; a characteristic of all living things |
| stimulus | anything in an organism's internal or external environment that causes the organism to react. |
| response | an organism's reaction to a change in its internal or external environment |
| homeostasis | organism's regulation of its internal environment to maintain conditions suitable for survival |
| adaptation | evolution of a structure, behavior, or internal process that enables an organism to respond to environmental factors and live to produce offspring |
| evolution | gradual change in a species through adaptations over time |
| scientific method | observing, making a hypothesis, experiment, collect data, draw conclusions, analyze results |
| controlled experiment | an experiment with a control group and the experimental group |
| control | the part of an experiment that is the standard against which results are compared |
| dependent variable | the condition that results from change in the independent variable |
| independent variable | the condition that is tested because it affects the outcome of the experiment |
| hypothesis | explanation for a question or a problem that can be formally tested |
| theory | explanation of natural phenomenon supported by a large body of scientific evidence obtained from many different investigations and observations |
| law | states a repeated observation about nature |
| Organism | an individual living thing that is made of cells, uses energy, reproduces, responds, grow, and develops |
| Population | a group of organisms, all of one species, which interbreed and live in the same place at the same time |
| Biological Community | all the populations of different species that live in the same place at the same time |
| Ecosystem | populations of plants and animals that interact with each other in a given area and with the abiotic components of that area |
| Biosphere | the portion of earth that supports life |
| Water cycle | H2O evaporates from lakes & oceans & becomes H2O vapor in air.It condense & forms clouds.Condensation make small drops that build until they fall from cloud as precipitation.Plant pull H2O from ground & lose H2O from their leaves throughout transpiration. |
| Carbon cycle | Autotrophs use CO2 for photosynthesis. Autotrophs/heterotrophs release CO2 by respiration. Burning fossil fuels from decay of organisms release CO2 into air. CO2 can also be dissolved into water (like soda) |
| Nitrogen cycle | Plants take up nitrogen from atmosphere or soil/heterotroph uptake nitrogen from organisms they eat. Urine/animal material that breaks down nitrogen in soil. Animals release and break down nitrogen |
| Phosphorus cycle | plants uptake phosphorus from soil/heterotrophs eat plants that they uptake. Organisms die and decompose. Phosphorus weathers, it washes into water. rock forms and uplifts material, years later exposing phosphorus to weather |
Created by:
mpiontek
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