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* Science Exam *
Science Exam 4th Period 12/19/12
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Observing | Using your senses to analyze something |
| Inferring | To guess/predict |
| Stating | Giving/saying FACTS |
| Prediction | Guess/what you think will happen |
| Quantitative | Description using numbers |
| Qualitative | Description using characteristics |
| Scientific Inquiry | Process scientists use to answer a question/problem |
| Problem | A question a scientist has that he/she uses a scientific inquiry to figure out. |
| Hypothesis | First step in scientific method. Educated guess based on observations. |
| Procedure | The instructions for the experiment. |
| Data | The items of information that you collect from the experiment. |
| Results | The answer to the problem/question |
| Conclusion | A summary of the results you collect from the experiment |
| Variables | Factors that influence the outcome of an experiment |
| Manipulating | The variable that you change in the experiment; independent |
| Responding | The variable that changes as a result of the manipulating; dependent |
| Control | Do not change; constant variable |
| Communication Results | Sharing your results |
| Technology | Changes the way people live, how people modify things to meet needs |
| Engineer | A person who is trained to use technology and science to solve problems |
| Kilo | 1000 |
| Hecto | 100 |
| Deca | 10 |
| Unit | 1 |
| Deci | 1/10th |
| Centi | 1/100th |
| Milli | 1/1000th |
| What do grams measure? | Mass |
| What do liters measure? | Volume |
| What do cubic centimeters measure? | Volume |
| What do millimeters measure? | Length/distance |
| What do kilograms measure? | Mass |
| What do meters measure? | Length/Distance |
| Biotic | Living |
| Abiotic | Non-Living |
| Dichotomous Key | Method of categorizing using choices |
| Botany | Study of plants |
| Binomial Nomenclature | System of naming species; genus first, species second |
| Taxonomy | Science of classifying |
| Classification | Organization |
| Domain | First level of classification hierarchy |
| Classification Hierarchy | Levels of classification of species |
| Cell Theory | All living things are composed of cells. Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living things. New cells are produced from existing cells. |
| Cell | A unit that all organisms are made up of |
| Unicellular | An organism with only one cell |
| Prokaryotic | Among tiniest of cells. Lack Membrane bound nucleus and organelle. Unicellular. |
| Eukaryotic | 10x larger then pro. Have nucleus and membrane bound organelles |
| Multicellular | An organism made up of more than one cells |
| Spontaneous Generation | A generation popping up spontaneously. |
| Plasmid | A circular loop where genetic information is stored |
| Capsule | Protects bacterial cell |
| Cell Wall | The outer layer of the cell that protects it |
| Plasma Membrane | Determines what comes in and out of the cell |
| Ribosome | Help make protein |
| Nucleoid | Contains part of prokaryotic cell DNA |
| Pili | Found on surface of bacteria |
| Flagella | Moves around outer layer of cell |
| DNA | Nucleic acid that carries genetic information |
| Cytoplasm | Cell substance |
| Organelle | Structure within a cell that performs a specific function |
| Nucleus | "Boss" Conducts all cell functions |
| ER | Transportation of cell materials |
| Centriole | Found near nucleus |
| Golgi Apparatus | Where proteins go after they have been made |
| Cytoskeleton | Network of protein filaments and microtubles in the cytoplasm |
| Mitochondria | Power source for cell |
| Lysosomes | Cleans and disinfects |
| Vacuole | Storage Site |
| Chloroplasts | Organelle that carries out photosynthesis |
| Peroxisomes | Break down and produce hydrogen peroxide |
| Chromosome Theory | Theory that genes are located on chromosomes |
| Chromosome | Genetic material of the cell |
| Chromatin | Substance of the nucleus consisting of DNA, RNA, and other proteins |
| Chromatid | Daughter strands of chromosomes |
| Nucleosomes | Contains DNA |
| Autosomes | 22 Pairs, 44 + 2 = 46 in all |
| Sec Chromosomes | X or Y, determines sex of offspring |
| DNA Replication | Process of making an identical copy |
| Mitosis | When most cells reproduce |
| Stages of Mitosis | In order they are prophase, metaphase, anaphase and telophase |
| Asexual Reproduction | An organism capable of reproducing without a mate |
| Prophase | First stage, when chromosomes become visible |
| Metaphase | Second stage, when chromosomes become attached to spindle fibers |
| Anaphase | Third stage, when the chromosomes separate |
| Telophase | Fourth stage, when the chromosomes go to the separate ends of the nuclei |
| Adenine | Thymine |
| Thymine | Adenine |
| Guanine | Cytosine |
| Cytosine | Guanine |
| Carolus Linnaeus | Creator of binomial nomenclature |
| Zacharias Jansen | Gets credit for first microscope in 1595 |
| Robert Hooke | Described and named cells |
| Anton Van Leeuwenhoek | Created compound microscope |
| Galileo | Worked out principals of lenses. Made focusing device |
| Louis Pasteur | Invented heat process called pasteurization that helps kill bacteria |
| Francesco Redi | Credited with creating the controlled experiment |
| Matthias Schlieden | Discovered plants are made of cells |
| Theodor Schwann | Created cell theory, animals are made of cells |
| Rudolph Virchow | Studied diseases |
| Max Knott, Ernst Ruska | Invented electron microscope |
| Watson and Crick | Credited for discovering shape of DNA (double helix) (relied on other scientists) |
| Rosalind Franklin | Studies x-ray images of DNA. Crick and Watson stole her idea that the shape of DNA is a double Helix. |
| Walther Flemming | Discovered chromosomes |
| Walter Sutton | First scientist to provide evidence that chromosomes carry the cell's unit of inheritance |
| Science | Study of why and how things happen |
| First scientists | Romans |
| What does a scientist do when they make a discovery? | They publish it |
| Scientific method | The way to find the answer to a scientific method |
Created by:
kate_s
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