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Mrs. Long's Science1
An Exam study guide for 1st nine weeks
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is the basic metric unit for mass? Length? | Mass- Gram, Length- Meter |
| What instrument is used to measure the mass of an object? | a beam balance |
| How is the volume of an irregular shaped object measured? | water displacement method |
| Define Scientific Method | A method of investigation involving observation and theory to test scientific hypothesis |
| Define Hypothesis | a possible set of explanation for a set of observations or answer to a scientific question. |
| Define Prediction | a forecast of what will happen based on past experience of evidence |
| What is technology and it's purpose? | Technology is how people change the world around them to meet their needs and solve practical problems |
| Define classification | the process of grouping things based on their similarities |
| Why do scientists make models? | to create representations of complex objects or processes |
| What are some life science careers? | biologist, botanist, zoologist, doctor, marine biologist |
| Define taxonomy | the scientific study of how things are classified |
| What does the scientific name consist of? | genus and species |
| How are the numbers of classification levels that an organism shares related to the characteristics of the organisms? | the more classification levels that two organisms share, the more characteristics they have in common |
| What did Redi and Pasteur's experiments prove? | That spontaneous generation is false |
| What is homeostasis? | the maintenance of stable internal conditions |
| Give one example of a stimulus and a response. | The light a plant grows toward, plant growing toward the light. |
| The invention of the _____________ made it possible for people to discover and learn about cells. | microscope |
| Where do autotrophs get their energy? Heterotrophs? | autotrophs- make their own energy heterotrophs- get energy from animals and the sun. |
| What happens during photosynthesis? | plants and other organisms use energy from the sun to convert carbon dioxide and water into oxygen and glucose |
| What is produced during photosynthesis? | glucose and oxygen |
| what happens during respiration? | cells break down simple fod molecules such as sugar and release the energy they contain |
| how are photosynthesis and respiration related? | together they form a cycle that keeps the levels of oxygen and carbon dioxide fairly constant in the earth's atmosphere they are also opposite equations |
| photosynthesis is helpful to heterotrophs because... | ... we eat plants, and without photosynthesis, plants wouldn't live |
| what stage of respiration releases the most energy? | stage 2 |
| ___________ captures energy from sunlight in photosynthesis | chlorphyll - pigments |
| Lactic acid fermentation usually occurs ... | in athletes when you are doing strenuous activities |
| What is one product of fermentation in yeast cells? | alcohol |
| Oxygen and carbon dioxide transport inside and outside of plants through the _________ | stomata |
| Most chemical reactions in cells require what to occur? | water |
| for a compound to be considered organic, it must contain... | carbon |
| The major way that a bacterial cell differs from a plant or animal cell is that it is a | prokaryote (which doesn't have a nucleus) |
| List the three parts of the cell theory. | - All living things are composed of cells - Cells are the basic units of structure and function in a living thing -All cells are produced from other cells |
| What is the regular cycle of growth and division that cells undergo called? | cell cycle |
| List the order of the stages of the cell cycle. | Interphase- In Prophase- Paris Metaphase - My Anaphase - Aunt Telophase- Tessie Cytokinesis- cooked |
| Interphase | cell grows to full size, replication occurs, DNA is copied, cell prepares to divide |
| Metaphase | chromosomes line up across the middle of the cell |
| Cytokinesis | cytoplasm divides, and two new cells are formed they have the same number of chromosomes as parent cell |
| What happens during mitosis? | the process where a cell divides to make new cells |
| ___ is copied during replication | DNA |
| Chromatids are... | identical strands of chromosomes |
| What forms around the chromatids during mitosis? | 2 new nuclei |
| The shape f a DNA molecule is a ... | spiral staircase |
| Name the nitrogen bases that make up the rungs of the DNA ladder. Where are they located on the molecule? What pairing pattern occurs. | adenine - thymine guanine - cytosine they are located on the rungs of the DNA ladder |
| why are living things organized into groups? | because it makes them easier to study |
Created by:
hannahstrickland99
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