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Grass, Sedge, Rush

Comparison of the Three

CharacteristicFamily
Habitat: wet or sterile/ north Cyperaceae
Habitat: dry to moist/ warm Poaceae
Habitat: wet Juncaceae
Many species Poaceae
Good number of species Cyperaceae
Few species Juncaceae
Poa, Panicum, Bromus, Andropogon, Zea Poaceae
Cares, Scirpus, Cyperus, Eleocharis, Eriophorum, Schoenoplectus, Dulichium Cyperaceae
Juncus, (Luzula) Juncaceae
Triangular/round culm Cyperaceae
Terete culm Juncaceae
Terete/ ellipsoid culm Poaceae
Solid internodes Juncaceae
Usually hollow internodes Poaceae
Usually solid internodes Cyperaceae
3 Leaf ranks Cyperaceae
3- Leaf ranks Juncaceae
2 Leaf ranks Poaceae
Flat leaf blade Poaceae
Flat- leaf blade Cyperaceae
Flat to terete leaf blade Juncaceae
Closed leaf sheath Cyperaceae
Open leaf sheath Juncaceae
Open leaf sheath, with ligule Poaceae
Perianth: 6 chaffy tepals Juncaceae
Perianth: usually absent Cyperaceae
Perianth: much reduced Poaceae
Achene fruit type Cyperaceae
Grain fruit type Poaceae
Capsule fruit type Juncaceae
Very highly modified inflorescence Poaceae
Keys rely on modified leaves (scales) Poaceae
Floret: small or reduced flower Poaceae
Glume: specialized, scale-like leaf at the base of a spikelet Poaceae
Lemma: lowermost scale at the base of a floret Poaceae
Palea: second scale at base of a floret Poaceae
Spikelet: determined from glumes upward; includes glumes, lemmas, paleas, and male and female parts Poaceae
Leaf structures: leaf, sheath, ligule Poaceae
Most genera have perfect flowers Cyperaceae
Perfect and complete flowers Juncaceae
Created by: aschenbr.rach
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