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Biologyex

biology exam

QuestionAnswer
Whats the cell theory? a) all things are made made of cells. b) Cells are the basic units of stuctures and functions in living things. c)New cells are produced from existing cells.
Robert Hooke gave cells their name. duh!
Anton Leeuwenhoek used a single-lens microscocpe to observe pond water.
Prokaryote bacteria (doesn't contain a nucleus)
Eukaryote plants, animals, fungi, protists (has a nucleus)
Enzyme protein that acts as a biological substance that speeds up the rate of a chemical reaction. (catalyst)
Catalyst a substance that speeds up the rate of a chemical reaction.
How do enzymes speed up a chemical reaction? by lowering the activation energies that speeds up a chemical reaction
How does temperature affect the enzyme reactions? an increase in temperature will cuase it not to function. a lower temperature (that 37) will cuase the molecules not to have enough kinetic energy for the action to take place in the enzyme.
diffusion process when molecules go away from an area where they are more concentrated to an area where they are less concentrated.
Active transport The movement of ions or molecules across a cell membrane into a region of higher concentration, assisted by enzymes and requiring energy.
Passive transport transport of a substance across a cell membrane by diffusion.
Facilitated Diffusion movement of specific molecules across cell membranes through protein channels.
Endicytosis a cell takes material into a cell by the infolding of the cell membrane.
Exocytosis a cell releases a large amount of material.
whats the amino acids function? catalyzes chemical reactions.
whats the biomolecule of an amino acid? the polypeptide chain/protein. (think beads!!)
whats the function of a nucleotide? to store and transmit genetic material.
whats the biomolecule of the nucleotide nucleic acids. (think the lab where we builded a model.)
whats the carbohydrate used for? (function) living things use it as their main source of energy.
whats the biomolecule of carbohydrate? complex carbohydrate
what are examples of carbohydrates? starches and sugars
what are examples of nucleotide? eyes, hairline
Lipid's function? used to store energy.
example of lipid? cooking oils.
biomolecule of lipids fatty acids.
organelle Any of a number of organized or specialized structures within a living cell.
Golgi body a netlike structure in the cytoplasm of animal cells
what are the phases of mitosis in order? Interphase, prophase,metaphase,anaphas,telophase.
what happens during Interphase? the cell undergoes G1-cell growth,S-phase-dna replication, and G2 Preparation for mitosis.
what happens during metaphase? the chromosomes line up across the middle.
what happens during anaphase? the sister chromatids separate into individual chromosomes and are pulled apart.
what happens during telophase? the chromosomes gather at opposite ends of the cell and two nuclear envelopes will form.
whats the site of Photosynthesis? Chloroplast
whats the site of Cellular respiration? Mitochondria
Whats ATP? the energy source that allows cells of an organism to transport material and elimate watses.
whats photosynthesis? the process that autotrophs(plants)carry out to obtain energy.
whats cellular respiration? the process that both autotrophs and heterotrophs carry out to obtain energy.
3 parts of a nucleotide? sugar, phosphate group,nitrogen base
what is the backbone of a DNA molecule made of? sugar, phosphate
transcription?? to produce RNA molecules by copying part of the nucleotide suquence of dna INTO A SMILIAR SEQUENCE OF rna
translation cells uses infro from mRNA to produce proteins.
Created by: nity93
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