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BHSWG- concepts #8
BHSWG- Human Geography terms- part 2
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Materials on or in the earth—such as trees, fish, or coal—that have economic value. | NATURAL RESOURCES |
| These resources can be replaced through natural processes. Examples include trees and seafood. | RENEWABLE RESOURCES |
| These resources cannot be replaced once they have been removed from the ground. Examples include different precious metals and fossil fuels. | NONRENEWABLE RESOURCES |
| These resources, which are used for producing power, are the result of solar or planetary processes and are unlimited in quantity. They include sunlight, geothermal heat, winds, and tides. | INEXAUSTIBLE ENERGY SOURCES |
| Having no direct outlet to the sea | LANDLOCKED |
| The study of how people use space in cities. | URBAN GEOGRAPHY |
| The dramatic rise in the number of cities and the changes in lifestyle that result; the movement of people from rural areas to an urban setting | URBANIZATION |
| These are areas with large populations and are often centers of business and culture, as well as the birthplace of innovation and change in a society. | CITIES |
| The city, its suburbs, and exurbs link together economically to form a functional area. | METROPOLITAN AREA |
| Political units touching the borders of the central city or touching other suburbs that touch the city. | SUBURBS |
| The core of a city, which is almost always based on commercial activity | CENTRAL BUSINESS DISTRICT |
| A basic land use pattern that includes single-family housing and apartment buildings | RESIDENTIAL |
| A basic land use pattern that includes areas reserved for manufacturing of goods | INDUSTRIAL |
| A basic land use pattern that is used for private business and the buying and selling of retail products | COMMERCIAL |
| Consists of the basic support systems needed to keep an economy going, including power, communications, transportation, water, sanitation, and education systems | INFRASTRUCTURE |
| large groups of languages having similar roots | LANGUAGE FAMILIES |
| many different countries that have certain traits in common | CULTURE REGION |
| those having significant technology & manufacturing such as the United States | DEVELOPED COUNTRY |
| those working towards greater manufacturing and technology; agriculture remains the dominant industry | DEVELOPING COUNTRY |
| spread of industry | INDUSTRIALIZATION |
| removal of trade barriers so that goods can freely flow between countries (ex. NAFTA, EU, WTO) | FREE TRADE |
| gives all key powers to the national or central government; local governments have limited power (ex. UK) | UNITARY SYSTEM |
| divides powers of government between national and state governments (ex. USA) | FEDERAL SYSTEM |
| any system of government in which the power and authority to rule belong to a single individual; oldest and one of the most common forms | AUTOCRACY |
| any system of government in which a small group holds power, which is derived from wealth, military power, social position, or a combination of | OLIGARCHY |
| the release of unclean or impure elements into the air, water, or land | POLLUTION |
| slums; makeshift communities on the edge of the city; extreme poverty | SHANTYTOWN |
| people who flee to a foreign country for safety | REFUGEE |
| expelling or killing of rival ethnic groups in an area | ETHNIC CLEANSING |
| countries that have tax-supported programs for education, health care, social security (ex. Sweden or UK) | WELFARE STATE |
| economic system in which business leaders used profits to expand their companies; under this system, new classes of people emerged like the middle class merchants & working class factory workers | INDUSTRIAL CAPITALISM |
| small scale business that employs workers in their homes | COTTAGE INDUSTRY |
| goods needed for everyday life | CONSUMER GOODS |
| the change to private ownership of government owned companies & industries | PRIVITIZATION |
| belief in the right of an ethnic group to have its own independent country; loyalty or pide in one's culture or region | NATIONALISM |
| ban on trade | EMBARGO |
| economic goods | COMMODITIES |
| voting rights for all adult citizens regardless of race or gender | UNIVERSAL SUFFRAGE |
| chain of closely linked metropolitan areas; continuous urban strip (ex. Boston to Washington DC) | MEGALOPOLIS |
| in the city | URBAN |
| in the country | RURAL |
| using resources at a rate that does not deplete them for future generations | SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT |
| the spreading development of nuclear weapons | NUCLEAR PROLIFERATION |
| having a population of the same ethnic group | HOMOGENEOUS |
| when a country's exports exceed its imports | TRADE SURPLUS |
| when a country imports more goods than it exports | TRADE DEFICIT |
| mass killing of a group of people (ex. Jews in Europe or Cambodians in the 1970s) | GENOCIDE |
| urban area that serves as country's major port, economic center, and often its capital city | PRIMATE CITY |
| neutral territory between rival powers | BUFFER STATE |
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