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Semester Test Review
Vocab
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| A serious of problems-solving procedures that help scientists conduct experiments. | Scientific Method |
| A testable explanation of a situation. | Hypothesis |
| Factor that is manipulated by the experimenter in an experiment. | Independent Variable |
| Factor in an experiment that can change is the independent variable is changed. | Dependent Variable |
| Solid in which atoms are arranged in repeating patterns. | Crystal |
| The way that a mineral reflects light from its surface; two types--metallic and nonmetallic. | Luster |
| Measure of how easily a mineral can be scratched, which is determined by the arrangement of a mineral´s atoms. | Hardness |
| The manner in which a minerals breaks along planes where atomic bonding is weak. | Cleavage |
| When a mineral breaks into pieces with arclike, rough, or jagged edges. | Fracture |
| Color a mineral leaves when it is ribbeed across an unglazed porcelain plate or when it is broken up and powdered. | Streak |
| Intrusive or extrusive rock formed from the cooling and crystallization of magma or lava. | Igneous Rock |
| Coarse-grained igneous rock that is formed when molten rock cools slowly and solidifies inside Earth´s crust. | Intrusive Rock |
| Fine-grained igneous rock that is formed when molten rock cools quickly and solidifies on Earth´s surface. | Extrusive Rock |
| Rock that is dark colored, has lower silica contents, and is rich in iron an magnesium; contains mostly plagioclase and pyroxene. | Basaltic Rock |
| Light-colored rock that has high silica content, and contain quarz and ptassium feldspar. | Granitic Rock |
| Solid particle deposited on Earth´s surface that can form sedimentary rocks by processes such as weathering, erosion,deposition, and lithification. | Sediment |
| The physical and chemical processes that transform sediments into sedimentary rocks. | Lithification |
| Percentage of open spaces between grains in a material. | Porosity |
| Metamorphic rock, such as schist or gneiss, whose mineral s are squeezed under high pressure and arranged in wavy layers and bands. | Foliated |
| Metamorphic rocks like quartzite and marble, composed mainly of mineral that form with blocky crystal shapes. | Nonfoliated |
| Chemical or mechanical process that breaks down and changes rock on or near Earth´s surface and whose tater is influenced by factors such as presiptiation temperature. | Weathering |
| Process that breaks down rocks and mineral into small pieces but does not involve any change in their composition. | Mechanical Weathering |
| Process by which rocks and mineral s undergo changes in their composition due to chemical reactions with agents such as acids, water, oxygen, and carbon dioxide. | Chemical Weathering |
| Removal and transport of weathered materials from one location to another by agents such as water, wind, glaciers, and gravity | Erosion |
| Occurs when eroded materials are dropped in another location. | Deposition |
| Process by which precipitation that has fallen on land surfaces enters he ground and becomes groundwater. | Ifiltration |
| Upper boundary of the zone of saturation that rises during wet season s and drops during dry periods. | Water Table |
| Permeable underground layer through which groundwater flows relatively easily. | Aquifer |
| Impermeable layer that is a barrier to groundwater; such as silt, clay, and shale. | Aquiclude |
| Fountain of water that spurts above the land surface when a well taps a deep, confined aquifer containing water under pressure. | Artesionn Well |
Created by:
AshleyandJesus
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